1. Using these images as a springboard, discuss the forces and motivations that drove design and pro

1. Using these images as a springboard, discuss the forces and motivations that drove design and production in the eighteenth-century and the implications of the patronage systems of that century.  Your answer will want to consider the differences in the forces driving design in France versus England. (25 points 250-500 words)

2. The 19th century witnessed the rise of industrialization and thus a shift in design and production.  Discuss the ramification of the shift of production in light of the dramatic social changes that occurred with the advent of industrialization. (25 points – 250-500 words)

3. The rise of manufacturing led to a commodification of society in the 19th century.  Discuss did the positive responses to this new mode of manufacturing and new consumer culture.  Consider, in particularly, the way that design, style and choice became expressions of and tools in larger narratives regarding society and power.  You will want to demonstrate your understanding of the difference between Gothic and Classical styles as sources of inspiration in this answer.  (25 points – 250-500 words)

4. The writings of Ruskin, Pugin and, later, Morris formed a response to the rise of industrialization that then manifested itself in the Arts and Crafts Movement.  Discuss the concerns of that response and the varying factors that went into the design of objects and places associated with the Arts in Craft Movement in England and in the United States.