#john innes centre
How the world’s first plants took a giant leap on to land
About 450M years ago, plants in the sea took a giant leap on to land to become the plants we know and love today. But how did they survive?
Scientists for The John Innes Centre may have found the answer.
Land plants survive by getting water and nutrients from soil.
They do this by forming a special friendship with soil dwelling fungi called mycorrhiza. These strands of fungi reach deep into the spoil and drag the nutrients and water back to the plants.
But when the first algae landed on soil, how did they survive long enough to form these beneficial friendships?
New research suggests that they already had the genes necessary for forming this bond whilst they lived in the sea.
Researchers analyzed DNA and RNA of some of the earliest known land plants and green algae and found evidence that their shared algal ancestors living in the Earth’s waters already possessed the necessary set of genes needed to detect and interact with the beneficial fungi.
The team of scientists believes this capability was pivotal in enabling the alga to survive out of the water and to colonise the earth. By working with the fungi to find sustenance, the alga had an evolutionary advantage and could thrive in a very different and seemingly infertile environment.
This was a watershed moment that kick-started the evolution of life on earth.
