#must know korean
Korean grammar “입니다, 합니다, 습니다” as “-ㅂ니다”
Basic grammar must know
"-ㅂ니다" shows the present tense (I read, I eat, I go, etc.) or daily actions (I go to Church, I go to school, etc.) .
Basically there are three types of verbs in Korean.
First, “-입니다” from -이다(infinitive) means “is”
Second, “-합니다” from -하다(infinitive) means “do”
the last but not least irregular forms. “가다”, “먹다”, “자다” etc. are the last case.
“-입니다” is corresponding to “is” in English.
“이다” (is) + “ㅂ니다” becomes “-입니다”
For example;
- This is a pen = 이것은 펜입니다.
- I am at cafe = 나는 카페입니다.
“-합니다” is used for verbs ending with “-하다
"Verb ”-하다" is the most common form of verbs in Korean.
These verbs are consist of Noun and “-하다”.
For example,
- "공부하다" is made up by “공부(Study)” and “-하다”.
- “낙서하다” is made up by “낙서(Doodle)” and “-하다”.
These verbs have a distinction comparing to other verbs, which the noun on the verb can change to Object with “-을/를”.
For example,
- “공부하다” can change to “공부를 하다”.
- “낙서하다” also can be written in “낙서를 하다”.
The irregular form to use “-ㅂ니다” is depending on the last letter of the verb.
- End with vowel (There is no consonant on the bottom)
- “가다(Go)” + “-ㅂ니다” becomes “갑니다.”
- “자다(Sleep)” + “-ㅂ니다” becomes “잡니다.”
2. End with the consonant “ㄹ” -Omit “ㄹ” and apply the first rule, +“-ㅂ니다”
- “갈다(Change/Grind)” + “-ㅂ니다” becomes “갑니다.” - As you notice, it is the same form with “가다 + -ㅂ니다”.
- “말다(Roll up)” + “-ㅂ니다” becomes “맙니다.”
3. End with a consonant besides “ㄹ” - add “-습니다”
- “걷다(Walk)” +“-습니다” becomes “걷습니다.”
- “입다(Wear) + ”-습니다" becomes “입습니다.”
There is a worksheet on studywithjun.com
I appreciate your effort on study today, and hope you guys have a good day !
