Portrait of Maffeo Barberini as an “Avvocato di Curia” (Lawyer of the Curia), c.1597 - Caravaggio.
Pope Urban VIII (Latin: Urbanus VIII; baptised 5 April 1568 – 29 July 1644), born Maffeo Barberini, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 6 August 1623 to his death in 1644. He expanded the papal territory by force of arms and advantageous politicking, and was also a prominent patron of the arts and a reformer of Church missions.