#canadian languages
Quick facts:
The Oneida language in Oneida is Ukwehuwehnéha which translates to “the Native way” or “Native ways”
The Oneida language is spoken by Oneida people.
It is an north eastern Iroquoian dialect, and is very similar to the Mohawk language spoken by Mohawk peoples. (Some argue that they’re the same language just different dialects)
Oneida is an aboriginal nation and tribe, and is apart of an alliance with six other Iroquoian speaking nations called the Haudenosaunee Confederacy.
The Oneida language is critically endangered with around 200 native speakers of the language. Language revitalization efforts are in progress to save it.
If you have further questions about the Oneida language that wasn’t answered here, just send an ask and I’ll get back to you:) Nʌkiˀwah
Thesyllabic writing system is an abugida used to write first nations languages such as Ojibwe, Cree, and Inuktitut. It was first devised by missionaries to spread the bible amongst aboriginal tribes but has since taken on a life of its own.
Languages like Ojibwe and Cree can be written using latin characters, and frequently are (especially in the States), but it’s sorta cumbersome. Think of Japanese words like Mi·tsu·bi·shi, Na·ga·sa·ki. Japanese would never have a word like ‘scratched’ (thanksTom Scott for the example), because every syllable must have a single consonant and a single vowel sound, with very few exceptions.
Most aboriginal languages are the same, so writing a separate character for a consonant and a vowel is kinda worthless. The Ojibwe word ‘a·ni·shi·naa·be’ is written as the shorter ᐊᓂᔑᓈᐯ.
ᐊ : a
ᓂ : ni
ᔑ : shi
ᓈ : naa
ᐯ : beIn syllabics, every consonant has its own shape (ᐁ, ᐯ, ᑌ, ᑫ, ᒉ, ᒣ, ᓀ, ᓭ, ᔐ, ᔦ), and every vowel has a direction that the shape is rotated in, example:
Following is the simplified version of the syllabics chart. To build a syllabic, you look for which consonant you want to start with, then follow the line until you hit the vowel you want that pair to have. Think of the chart like the game Battleship (the consonants such as ‘p’ often come with fortis-lenis variants, in this case ‘b’. In syllabics, they are equivalent).
EXCEPTIONS AND QUIRKS
The exceptions to regular rules are the first row, which have only a vowel and no accompanying consonant, and the last two rows. An ‘h’ character, frequently used as a glottal stop, is added separately, and a ‘w’ character is represented as a dot that can be placed left of any character, sandwiching the sound between the consonant and vowel, ie.
ᐁ = e
ᐌ = we
ᑌ = te
ᑗ = twe (note the dot on the left)Likewise, long vowels, written as aa, ii, and oo in latin spelling, are simply the syllabic with a dot placed above, ie:
ᐃ = i
ᐄ = ii
ᐱ = pi
ᐲ = pii
ᐼ = pwi
ᐾ = pwiiIf a sole consonant is needed, you use a ‘final’, a smaller version of the ‘a’ syllabic. ie.
ᐸ = pa
ᑉ = p
ᓴ = za
ᔅ = zWhen transliterated, a piece of Ojibwe text such as this (I found it on fb, don’t know what it says lol)
gaawiin nda minikwesii shkode'aaboo
gaawiin nda zagaszowaasii
nda mino bemaadizwill look like this
ᑳᐐᓐ ᓐᑕ ᒥᓂᑴᓰ ᔥᑯᑌᐦᐋᐴ
ᑳᐐᓐ ᓐᑕ ᓴᑲᔅᓱᐙᓰ
ᓐᑕ ᒥᓄ ᐯᒫᑎᔅ