#åsatro
Kulturhistorisk museum in Oslo hosted an exhibit named “Fabulous Animals”, exploring the connection between humans and animals in the period from the Iron Age to the Viking Age, through archaeological finds.
I hope you will enjoy some photographs of some of the exhibits.
Til års og fred
“Heathenism is, that men worship idols; that is, that they worship heathen gods, and the sun or the moon, fire or rivers, water-wells or stones, or forest trees of any kind; or love witchcraft, or promote ‘morth’-work in any wise; or by ‘blot,’ or by ‘fyrht;’ or perform any thing pertaining to such illusions.”
This excerpt from The Law Codes Of King Cnut, written by Archbishop Wulfstan (on behalf of King Cnut) in approximately 1020, serves as a fantastic outline for exactly what constituted “heathen” practices, from the time at which they were trying to ban such practices.
Thorpe Translation, Winchester Laws Volume 1, p.162
Whispers Of Yggdrasil
Robin Hoods Bay, England (5/2/21)
Hil Njord!
Hil Æge!
Hil Rån!
Hil ni døtre av hav!
Pictures are my own (see if you can match my stone pile)
Sommersolverv
The longest day, the shortest night,
Natt is in absence,
The shortest darkness, the longest light,
Dag rules this sky,
Sol enlightens a world more bright,
Just as the embers of the midsommar fire,
Until the sun rises, they must stay alight,
Make haste, the days move quickly now,
Jord grows stronger now,
And Balder’s brightness shining through,
As Hod stirs from his deepest sleep,
Anticipating the falling leaves,
For one more year, give thanks,
Sol ascends tonight.
Images and poem by @hedendom
Thunderstones
A Scandinavian/Nordic folk belief pre-dating the Viking Age, a tordenstein (in Norwegian), known as a ‘thunderstone’ in English and ‘dynestein’ in Old Norse, refer to recovered Stone Age flint axes/tools (usually dug up from the earth after many years beneath the surface) used as talismans, protective amulets and sacred objects in heathenry.
Believed to have been hurled to earth by Thor, within lightning bolts during thunderstorms, as weapons to destroy trolls, alver (elves) and other malevolent vetter (mystical or spirit creatures), to protect the world from chaotic forces.
This ancient tradition is one of the longest continuously running and most widely spread customs in human history, practiced for many thousands of years across many cultures, in various different ways.
When thunderstones were first excavated from Viking Age graves, they were initially dismissed as accidental additions because they were dated as much as 5000 years before the burial. As more evidence emerged and more examples were excavated (including one in an untouched, sealed stone coffin), it was soon understood that these thunderstones held significant importance. Some unearthed examples were even carried to Iceland all the way from Norway by treacherous sea voyage! It is believed that they protected houses and people, along with protecting the hamingja (”luck”).
To the Vikings, there were three essential properties for a thunderstone, according to Olle Hemdorff, an archeologist from the University Of Stavanger, Norway and expert on the topic:
“The form had to be similar to an ax or a hammer—that is, a ground stone or flint. The stone had to have ‘flaming’ properties, which flint and quartz have. And all the stones were damaged with the edge chipped off—'proof’ that they fell from the sky.”
In Scandinavian folklore, thunderstones are seen as potent magical artefacts and anyone lucky enough to dig one up possesses a very powerful charm. Often worshipped as famial or ancestral deities/powers, they are said to protect against spells and witchcraft, if kept on the person.
Similarly, if placed within the wall of a home, they will bring good luck, prevent lightning from striking and protect against bad magic.
When used within a sacrificial blot ceremony, the thunderstone would be venerated with an offering of beer, poured over the stone, or anointed with butter.
Photographs:
- My own tordenstein.
- Lightning shower (CNN, 2014).
- Artistic recreation of Viking Age woman with tordenstein in excavated in Kongshaugen, Norway.
- Photograph of the Stone Age greenstone axehead and grave goods found buried with the Viking Age woman (as above)
Having seen various incorrect, incomplete and inaccurate lists of Norse gods circulating Tumblr, I have decided to write my own and also include common terminology alongside. I will also include other beings who exist within the old lore and modern traditions.
I have opted to include the names in Norwegian, with translations in parenthesise after, along with a brief summary of some of the associations given to some of those gods. Be aware that, as an overview, brevity is necessary here and the individuals should not be oversimplified to basic aspects in your practice!
Æser (Æsir, Male Gods)
- Balder (Baldr, Baldur) - Light, purity, rebirth
- Brage (Bragi) - Poetry, eloquence, wisdom and music
- Delling (Dellingr) - The new day, dawn
- Forsete (Forseti) - Justice and reconciliation
- Frøy (Freyr) - Vaner, virility, fertility, the sacred religious position of royalty, prosperity, good weather and sunshine
- Heimdall (Heimdallr) - The senses, premonition or foreknowledge
- Hermod (Hermóðr) - Bravery, spirit, possibly a former mortal hero/king elevated to the Æsir
- Hjuke (Hjúki) - Man, lunar activity, lunar phases, moon craters, brother of Bil (the Scandinavian children in the moon)
- Hod(Höðr, Hodr) - The blind god, darkness, rebirth, second chances
- Høne (Hænir, Hœnir) - Survival, sense/spirit, beauty,
- Lodur(Lóðurr) - Blood, warmth, life,
- Loke (Loki) - Change, creativity, ambiguity, impulsiveness
- Lyter (Lýtir) - Premonition, foresight, prediction, prophecy
- Magne (Magni) - Strength, development, son of Tor
- Meile - Son of Odin, brother of Tor
- Mime(Mímir) - Wisdom, knowledge, memory, advice
- Måne (Máni) - The moon, the night sky
- Njord (Njörðr) - Vaner, the sea, harbours, ports, seafaring, wind, fishing, wealth/prosperity, and crop fertility
- Od (Óðr) - Madness, fury, eagerness, excitement
- Odin (Óðinn) - Father, war, battle, victory, death, wisdom, runes, magic, poetry, charms
- Tor (Þórr, Thor) - Thunder, lightning, storms, rain, strength, protection, hallowing, healing, fertility
- Ty (Týr, Tyr) - Law, sacrifice, heroism, glory, war
- Ull (Ullr) - Skiing, archery, hunting, weapons, shields, personal combat, oaths
- Vidar (Víðarr) - Vengeance, atonement, preparation, survival, silence
- Vilje (Vili) - Will, willpower, moderation, the middle, wit, intelligence, touch, sense, motion
- Ve (Vé) - Countenance, appearance, facial expression, speech, hearing, sight
- Våle (Váli) - Revenge, bravery, daring, marksmanship, survival, rebirth
Åsynjer (Ásynjur, Female Gods)
- Bil - Woman, lunar activity, phases of the moon, sister of Hjuke (the Scandinavian children in the moon)
- Eir - Help, healing, protection, mercy, grace, calm
- Fjorgyn/Jord (Fjörgyn/Jörð) - Earth, the world, nature, greenery
- Frigg - Mother, love, fate, prophecy, marriage, birth, midwifery
- Frøya (Freyja) - Vaner, fertility, love, passion, sex, sexuality, beauty, fertility, gold, magic, war, death
- Fulla - domesticity, cleaning, housekeeping, listening, confidant, secrecy
- Gersemi - Precious, beauty, blonde hair
- Gjevjon (Gefjun) - Virginity, plowing, female independence
- Gnå (Gná) - Messenger, errands, crossing planes of existence, travel through land, air and water
- Hnoss - Treasure, beauty, brunette hair
- Idunn (Iðunn) - Youth, vigour, apples, love
- Ilm - Fragrance, aroma, smells
- Irpa - Guardian goddess, Hålogaland
- Lin (Hlín) - Weddings, domestic sphere, flax, onion, fabrics
- Lovn (Lofn) - Benevolence, kindness, gentleness, consolation
- Nanna - Loyalty, empathy
- Njorun - Soil, the land
- Rind (Rindr) - Princess/goddess/giantess, mother of Våle from the East
- Rån (Rán) - Sea, protection from drowning, fishing
- Sigyn - Loyalty, burden, sadness
- Siv (Sif) - Fields, wheat, fertility, family, wedlock
- Sjavn (Sjöfn) - Love, sex, desire
- Snotra - Wisdom, intelligence, cleverness, appropriate conduct
- Sol (Sól) - The sun, warmth, daylight
- Syn - Refusal, denial, speaking out, legal defence
- Såga (Sága) - Seeress, all-seeing, companionship, drinking partner
- Torgerd Hølgebrud (ÞorgerðrHolgabrúðr) - Guardian goddess, Hålogaland, heathen shrines
- Var (Vör) - Honesty, awareness, caution, carefulness
- Vår(Vár) - Oaths (and punishing oath breakers), pledges, agreements, betrothal
Jotner (Jötnar, Elemental Giants)
- Aurvandil - Star, planet, Orion & Big Dipper constellations
- Bauge (Baugi) - Farmer, money, wages
- Dag (Dagr) - Day, light, rides Skinfakse
- Fornjot (Fornjótr) - Ancient giant, ancestor, original, owner
- Frosti (Jökull) - Cold, winter, frost, ice, icicles, glaciers
- Fårbaute (Fárbauti) - Hitting, striking, cruelty, danger, violence
- Geirrød (Geirröd) - Entrapment, cruelty, aggression, violence
- Gyme - Hills, Mounds
- Helblinde (Helblindi) - “Hel Blinder”, “All Blind”
- Hyme (Hymir) - Brewing, cauldron, thick skull
- Kåre (Kári) - Wind, scathe, howl, sails
- Loke (Loki) - Change, creativity, ambiguity, impulsiveness
- Loge (Logi) - Fire, wildfire,
- Mime (Mímir) - Knowledge, wisdom, memory, counsel, Mimes Brønn (Mímisbrunnr)
- Mokkurkalve - Clay, life, innocence, childishness
- Norve (Narfi) - Narrow, oppressive, closed in, difficult birth
- Rungne (Hrungnir) - Strength, brawling, fighting, whetstone
- Snø (Snær) - Snow
- Surt (Surtr) - Fire, heat, burning, blackness
- Suttung (Suttungr) - Mead of poetry, orphaned, eagle
- Tjaste (Þjazi, Thiazi) - Abduction of Idunn
- Torre (Þorri, Thorri) - Black ice, frost, cold, winter
- Trym (Þrymr, Thrymr) - Uproar, King of Jotner,
- Vale (Vali) - Unlucky, wolf, murdered his brother Norve
- Vavtrudne (Vafþrúðnir) - Riddles, weaver of tales
- Utgards-Loke (Útgarða-Loki) - The outer places, magic, illusion, beyond society, an alternate plane
- Yme (Ymir) - The big bang, primordial, birth, the ancestor of all, elemental
- Æge (Ægir) - Sea, ocean, sea creatures, protector of sailors
Gygrer (Gýgr, Elemental Giantess)
- Angerboda (Angrboða) - Grief bringer, sorrow, Iron Wood
- Aurboda ( Aurboða) - Gravel, mountains
- Bestla - Mother to Odin, Vilje and Ve.
- Driva (Drífa) - Snowfall
- Fonn - Snowdrift
- Gerd (Gerðr) - Beauty, light, fertility, earth
- Grid (Gríðr) - Greed, vehemence, violence, impetuosity
- Hel - Death, Helheim (the underworld), Náströnd (“Corpse Shore”)
- Hyrrokkin - Fire smoked, smoke, strength, wolves, serpents
- Jernsaksa (Járnsaxa) - Iron knife, mother to Magne
- Lauvøy (Laufey) - Needle, slender, weak
- Menglød (Menglöð) - Lives in a castle guarded by Fjölsviðr
- Mjoll (Mjöll) - Powdered snow
- Natt (Nótt) - Night, darkness, nightfall, counting time, rides Rimfakse
- Skade (Skaði) - Damage, archery, hunting, skiing, winter, mountains
Vetter (Vættir, Beings) & Other
- Alver (Elves) - Light/Dark/Black, personification of nature
- Andvare (Andvari) - Dwarf, “careful one”, waterfall, fish, wealth, magic ring called Andvaranaut
- Ask og Embla - The first humans, ancestors of humanity
- Diser (Dísir) - Female protective deities/spirits, fate
- Dverger (Dvergar) - Dwarfs, metallurgy, wisdom, smithing, mining, crafting
- Einherjer (Einherjar) - Honoured dead, fallen in battle, sent to Folkvang or Valhalla
- Fenrisulven (Fenrisúlfr) - Death, destruction, rage, the end of times, fen-dweller
- Fjolne (Fjölnir) - Swedish king, Vaner, son of Frøy and Gerd
- Gullveig/Heid (Heiðr) - Volva, seid, enigmatic, “Lust For Gold” or “Golden Drink”
- Kvase (Kvasir) - Wisdom, knowledge, skaldship, poetry, mead, blood, juice
- Midgardsormen (Jörmungandr, Midgard Serpent) - Sea serpent, poison, self-reflexivity, cyclicality
- Norner (Norns) - Weavers of fate, Wyrd, destiny, birth, death
- Sigurd Fåvnesbane - Stag, hero, wisdom, prophecy, speak to birds
- Starkad (Starkaðr) - Jotun, hero, great warrior, many arms cut off by Tor
- Troll - Isolated natural landmarks, strength, slow, dim witted,
- Valkyrjer (Valkyries) - Choosers of the slain, Odin’s maids, spirits, ferocity, death, ravens, wolves
- Vanlande (Vanlandi) - Hero, Swedish king, Vaner, “Man from the land of the Vaner”,
- Vedfinn (Viðfinnr) - Father of Hjuke and Bil
- Vetter (Vættir) - landvette, skogsvette, husvette, vannvette, sjøvette, havvette, hulder, nøkken, draugen, nisse, troll, huldrefolk, deildegasten, dradokke, trollkatt, basilisk, krake, utburd, lyktemenn, varulv, marmæl, lindorm
- Volund (Völundr) - Blacksmith, magical powers, sword maker, hero, alvedrotten (Chieftan of elves)
Well this became popular.
Tusen takk! Many thanks!
I appreciate all of the kind comments and notes.