#black history

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Word Up! Magazine  is an American weekly The magazine mostly covers information on mostly rap, Hip-hWord Up! Magazine  is an American weekly The magazine mostly covers information on mostly rap, Hip-hWord Up! Magazine  is an American weekly The magazine mostly covers information on mostly rap, Hip-hWord Up! Magazine  is an American weekly The magazine mostly covers information on mostly rap, Hip-hWord Up! Magazine  is an American weekly The magazine mostly covers information on mostly rap, Hip-hWord Up! Magazine  is an American weekly The magazine mostly covers information on mostly rap, Hip-hWord Up! Magazine  is an American weekly The magazine mostly covers information on mostly rap, Hip-h

Word UpMagazine

 is an American weekly The magazine mostly covers information on mostly rapHip-hop and R&B music. Its main focus is African American teen singers, rappers, models, and prodigies.  It was very popular in the 1980s until today The magazine comes out monthly and usually has many posters and contests for fans of famous “To Die For” celebrities. The rapper Notorious B.I.G. referenced the magazine in his song “Juicy”. He opens with the line “It was all a dream, I used to read Word Up magazine”. He then refers to a specific photo appearing in the magazine portraying Salt N Pepa up in a limousine with Heavy D This lyric of “It was all a dream, I used to read Word Up magazine” also appears in Biggie’s verse in Jay-Z’s song, “A Dream”.This entertainment magazine or journal–related  contains fashion and beauty tips, entertainment news, dating advice, political coverage, health tips, and diet guides, in addition to covering events such as fashion shows. The cover photo usually corresponds to the focus of the main story. Some examples of cover stories might be a celebrity’s recognition of the achievements of a notable African American. Many issues are given coverage to show the African-American community that if they want to reach a goal, they have to be willing to work for it. Wordup! Magazine is apart of our  Black History.


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tubbsmccracken:Always RememberGhanaian artist Kwame Atoko-Bamfo created several sculptures in a laketubbsmccracken:Always RememberGhanaian artist Kwame Atoko-Bamfo created several sculptures in a laketubbsmccracken:Always RememberGhanaian artist Kwame Atoko-Bamfo created several sculptures in a laketubbsmccracken:Always RememberGhanaian artist Kwame Atoko-Bamfo created several sculptures in a lake

tubbsmccracken:

Always Remember

Ghanaian artist Kwame Atoko-Bamfo created several sculptures in a lake to remember our ancestors who drowned as they were transported through the Atlantic Sea during slavery. 


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secretly-bruja:

Without women and girls like the ones above, the 20’s would never have roared.

It was Black musicians who put the “Jazz” in “The Jazz Age” so it’s no wonder there were many fabulous flappers of color (even though history doesn’t show us this). The Harlem Renaissance was a cultural explosion of Black Excellencefrommusic,literature,art,pop culture,fashion,politics,religion,social views,and so much more. One of the things that epitomizes the 1920’s is The Charleston Dance, made popular by none other than Josephine Baker.

Self Made: Inspired by the life of Madam C.J. Walker | Official Trailer

“We struggle with hopes that she doesn’t have toAnd that her every dream may be pursued, uninterru

“We struggle with hopes that she doesn’t have to
And that her every dream may be pursued, uninterrupted
Cuz she’s everything that’s ever mattered
And everything that ever will matter”

For more divinely melenated bodies, Follow IG: Instagram.com/TheMightyDexter
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Ode to my MotherI wish I knew words like thisBack when life was more painBack to five in the yOde to my MotherI wish I knew words like thisBack when life was more painBack to five in the yOde to my MotherI wish I knew words like thisBack when life was more painBack to five in the y

Ode to my Mother

I wish
I knew words like this
Back when life was more pain
Back to five
in the yard
While she cooked water and pig
With the salt of her tears
- Zula Saata,

IG: Instagram.com/TheMightyDexter
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Adorable photo of a black cheerleading squad in Los Angeles, 1963(via USC Libraries)

Adorable photo of a black cheerleading squad in Los Angeles, 1963

(viaUSC Libraries)


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The Crimson Skull, a silent film by Norman Studios, starred an all black cast. Actors Lawrence Chena

The Crimson Skull, a silent film by Norman Studios, starred an all black cast. Actors Lawrence Chenault and Anita Bush star in this 1922 western. The film is believed to be lost.

You can read more about the film and Norman Studios at the Norman Studioswebsite.

(film poster found at Library of Congress)


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berniesrevolution: Happy Black History Monthberniesrevolution: Happy Black History Monthberniesrevolution: Happy Black History Monthberniesrevolution: Happy Black History Monthberniesrevolution: Happy Black History Monthberniesrevolution: Happy Black History Monthberniesrevolution: Happy Black History Monthberniesrevolution: Happy Black History Month

berniesrevolution:

Happy Black History Month


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War Department Pamphlet, Army Talk, Number 170 [cover and page 24], 4/12/1947This pamphlet discussesWar Department Pamphlet, Army Talk, Number 170 [cover and page 24], 4/12/1947This pamphlet discusses

War Department Pamphlet, Army Talk, Number 170 [cover and page 24], 4/12/1947

This pamphlet discusses the Army’s position on Black soldiers; answers from surveys about Black soldiers; and discussion of other minorities. 

File Unit: Segregation in Armed Forces [1947-49], 1946 - 1953

Series: Subject Files, 1946 - 1953

Collection: Clark M. Clifford Papers, 1945 - 1980

Transcription:

WAR DEPARTMENT, WASHINGTON 25 D. C.

12 APRIL 1947

ARMY TALK

[handwritten note p29]

[illustration of Black troops performing mechanical work]

170

Note to Discussion Leader:

This ARMY TALK consists of three parts:

Part I - Negro Manpower in the Army

Part II - Negro Platoons in Composite Rifle Companies - World War II Style

Part III - What About Minorities?

This Talk is designed for discussion on three separate days as directed in section

V, WD Circular 76, 1947.

Before conducting the series, the discussion leader should read carefully section

V, WD Circular 76, 1947 and WD Circular 124, 1946, which are reprinted on the

last pages of this Talk. Circular 124, 1946, gives the general provisions of a revised

Army policy about the use, training, organization, and assignment of Negro personnel,

together with a reprint of the approved Gillem Board Report upon which

the revised policy is based.

In Part I of the Talk stress should be laid upon the threefold objective of the

policy:

1. An immediate objective - a more varied use of the Army’s Negro manpower

than has been peacetime practice hitherto.

2. An ultimate objective - the effective use of all available manpower, should

war come again, without regard to antecedent or race.

3. An over-all objective - increasing the effectiveness of the Army.

In all the Talks it should be borne in mind that the discussion of “race” is likely to

touch off sparks from individuals who have deep-seated beliefs, convictions, or

prejudices in one direction or another. Such discussions, however, may be handled

constructively if the group is kept aware that while differences in personal opinion

are to be expected and respected, the basic purpose of the Troop Information

Program is to bring information to troops and to develop understanding through

discussion.

These Talks, then, should inform troops about War Department policy and stimulate

discussion.

Part One

NEGRO MANPOWER IN THE ARMY

How to use its manpower best is always one of the Army’s problems.

How to use its Negro manpower best is in some respects a special

problem. It is of significance to the entire Army. To this special

problem several factors contribute:

(1) The “general run” of Negro soldiers have had considerably less

civilian schooling than the “general run” of white troops; they are

much less likely to have had civilian training and experience in highly

skilled mechanical fields; they make much lower scores on the Army

General Classification Test.

[sidebar] The most effective use of its

Negro personnel is of concern

to the Army.

WD Circular 124, 1946, and section V, WD Circular 76, 1947, appear on the last pages of this TALK

[page 2]

How did the Axis method work? It was simple. Get your victim to squabble with his friends instead of with his enemies. Play on his fears and resentments to make him hate groups of his own people. Start him quarreling at home. Break down his unity and strength. Thus you’ll weaken him so much that you can destroy him easily. It’s just an application of the old story of the bundle of twigs: when tied together they can’t be broken, but separately they are easy. United, they win; divided, they fall.

It’s no secret now that Hitler hoped to crack the United States wide open by driving wedges between the many groups on our population as he had done in some of the countries of Europe. It’s no secret that Japan tried to make the war in the Pacific a race war, with every person whose skin was “darker” united in a holy war against every person whose skin was white. That neither of these attempts got to first base in the United States or in our fighting forces means that in a time of national crisis the ideas that held us together as a nation were stronger than the differences that might have divided us.

Even at that, although , a public opinion poll made at the height of the war revealed that 85 percent of our population accused one or more of the following American groups of profiting selfishly from the war:

Farmers

Negroes

Jews

Foreigners

Protestants

Catholics

Business Men

Labor Leaders

Working People

That’s a pretty big list, isn’t it? How many Americans can you think of who don’t fall into one of those groups?

[sidebar] But the dangers of serious group antagonism are always with us.

And now that the fighting is over, now that we are trying to get back to peacetime status, and especially when the almost sure-to-come economic troubles begin to show up, the tendency to break up into groups, to point fingers, and to build up resentment against minorities can set in strongly without any pressure from the outside. We do not wish to use the Axis method on ourselves.

STOP   How do scientists describe attitudes toward minorities?

[sidebar] A scientific view of group attitudes:

Not long ago a number of scientists at an American university, studying the matter of group attitudes, developed a chart they called “A Continuum of Relationships Among Human Groups."  [superscript 1] For "Continuum” in this discussion we can substitute the word “scale.”

This scale or chart of how groups feel and act toward each other ranged all the way from persecution at the bottom of the scale to cooperation at the top. And on the way up it listed such attitudes and acts as discrimination, prejudice, preference, tolerance, and respect, in that order.

———————

[superscript 1] From The ABC’s of Scapegoating, published by the Central YMCA College, Chicago 6, Ill.

24


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“ … a number of distressed seamen sent from the port of London by the Consul of the United St“ … a number of distressed seamen sent from the port of London by the Consul of the United St

“ … a number of distressed seamen sent from the port of London by the Consul of the United States, have arrived [in Charleston] and being persons of Color an advertisement has been published requiring evidence of their freedom … “ 4/7/1817

File Unit: March THRU April 1817, 3/1/1817 - 4/30/1817

Series: Letters Received, 1789 - 1906

Record Group 59: General Records of the Department of State, 1763 - 2002

Transcription:

139

Philadelphia April 7th. 1817

Sir

At the instance of several gentlemen

of this City I take the liberty of representing to you

that it appears by information received from

Charleston South Carolina that a number of

distressed seamen sent from the port of London

by the Consul of the United States, have arrived

there and being persons of Color an advertise-

ment has been published requiring evidence

of their freedom or of the claims of any per-

sons to their services, as slaves to be transmitted

to the marshals of the city of Charleston before the first day of May next.

The references given in the adver-

tisement to persons and places from which

the individuals are stated to have represented

that proofs of their freedom maybe be obtained

extend to the State of Massachusetts north-

ward and to the State of Ohio westward

and include almost all the intermediate States to Virginia.

Information received immedi-

ately from them by a benevolent man

[page 2]

resident at Charleston gives reason to believe

that the advertisement is in several respects

erroneous and that other persons and in some

respects other places must be resorted to for

the proofs of their freedom.

The enquiries will be pursued with

care and diligence but it is obvious that the

interval announced in the advertisement

is much too small for the object – nor is it

understood why it has been so limited.

It is apprehended that the case

falling within the range of the Executive

duties of the government of the United States

an application may properly be made to you

Sir to have the time extended.

Perhaps an addition of three months

would be little enough whether however it

shall be more or less is submitted to your judge-

ments – but it is respectfully hoped that you

will deem it within your power to give such

directions as will prevent – what it is appre-

hended may be case if within this narrow

interval the rights of freemen shall not

be established – Viz – being indiscriminately

sold for payment of costs and changes.

I have the honor to be – with the greatest respect [unclear (“Sir”??)]

Your obedient servant

[signature (with extensions/flourishes at left & below):] W. Rawle

Hon[’]ble.  [? (abbrev. for “Honorable”; letters in superscript after “b” unclear)]  Richard Rush


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As soldiers returned from overseas after WWII, the question arose: should Black soldiers be segregat

As soldiers returned from overseas after WWII, the question arose: should Black soldiers be segregated when aboard Navy vessels? 

The Navy reiterated “ … no differentiation shall be made because of race or color.” 4/1/1947

File Unit: Navy Department, 1946 - 1947

Series: General Correspondence with Government Departments and Agencies Files, 1946 - 1947

Record Group 220: Records of Temporary Committees, Commissions, and Boards, 1893 - 2008

Transcription:

Navy Dept

[very faint round stamp]

April 1, 1947.

MEMORANDUM

TO: Mr. Robert K. Carr

FROM: Milton Stewart

The following statement of Navy policy on racial minorities was made binding on the whole service in an order of the Secretary of the Navy (Allnav-No. 423) on December 12, 1945. It was transmitted to me by phone by Capt. Stickney, of Planning and Control, the Bureau of Naval Personnel:

Attention of the Navy Department has been called to a recent incident in which a question arose concerning accommodations aboard naval vessels for Negro Army personnel returning to this country for demobilization. In order to avoid any future misunderstanding on this subject the Navy’s policy regarding various racial minorities is re-stated and summarized for information and guidance.

In the administration of naval personnel no differentiation shall be made because of race or color. This applies also to authorized personnel of all the armed services of this country aboard navy ships or at navy stations and activities.

In their attitude and day-to-day conduct of affairs naval officers and enlisted men shall adhere rigidly and impartially to naval regulations, in which no distinction is made between individuals wearing the navy uniform or the uniform of any of the armed services of the United States because of race or color.

(signed) JAMES FORRESTAL

Secretary of Navy


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