alternating images of the God Bes and Hathor-heads standing on the symbol for “gold” and flanked by the Two Goddesses Nekhbet and Outo in Their form of Uraei (Nekhbet wearing the White Crown and Outo with the Red Crown). “House of Birth” (the Mammisi) of the Sanctuary of the Goddess Hathor at Nitentóre (Dendera), detail from the frieze of the Inner Vestibule, west wall
Hathor-heads standing on the symbol for “gold” and flanked by the Two Goddesses Nekhbet and Outo in Their form of Uraei (Nekhbet wearing the White Crown and Outo with the Red Crown); on the top, a row of stars. Detail from a column of the “House of Birth” (the Mammisi) of the Sanctuary of the Goddess Hathor at Nitentóre (Dendera)
the Goddess Hathor enthroned, holding the ‘Ankh’ and the papyrus-scepter. Temple of the Goddess Hathor at Nitentóre (Dendera), detail from the south crypt 4 , room E
Monumental Gate (north) of the Sanctuary of the Goddess Hathor at Nitentóre (Dendera), west jamb, inner side, scene on the second register: the King, the Emperor Domitian, offering a clepsydra before the Goddesses Hathor and Sekhmet (lioness-heaeded).
(The images have been impiously hammered by the christians…)
MyPatreon is a year old! Look at all the Goddesses I’ve painted in the past year. To my patrons: thank you so much; your encouragement and support really mean a lot to me!
This week I read this paper entitled “Hathor and Isis in Byblos in the Second and First Millenia BCE” and it was interesting understand more the cult dynamic of different goddesses in a important place for the Ancient Egypt commerce.
Byblos was a city localizated close to the current city of Beirut (Lebanon). Some of egyptologists suggested that Byblos was a Egyptian colony in the Old Kingdom (2700-2200 BC). In fact, Byblos served as a port to which Egyptians came for building wood for coffins, boats, and architecture.
Some registers shows that the port city has an ancient and unknown “Mistress of Byblos”. The paper author brings the idea of the goddess Bat being this ancient goddess, because after a several years, the “Mistress of Byblos” was identified as Hathor (Hethert). And these two goddesses have in common the important symbolism of a cow.
In Byblos, Hethert was also conected with the navigation and boats and sometimes she was called “Hathor of Dendera who lives in Byblos”.
The cult of Isis (Aset) increasing in all the Egypt mainly in the New Kingdom and occurred a strong syncretism between her and Hethert. Many of the characteristics and roles of Hethert we also can see in Aset such as the cow iconography. Aset was increasing in cult, power and influence in Egypt as a in Byblos. Even the ancient symbol of the shipping attributed early to Hethert, Aset gained posteriorly.
The thing is, Hethert played an important role for egyptians and alike in Byblos begining in the last half of the third millennium BCE. Aset which appears lately in Byblos, played this important role in the second quarter of the first millennium BCE. Sometimes the “Mistress of Byblos” was called Aset, Aset-Hethert or Hethert-Aset.
*(pt/br)*
Esta semana li este artigo intitulado “Hathor e Ísis em Biblos no Segundo e Primeiro Milênio AC” e foi interessante entender mais a dinâmica do culto de diferentes deusas em um lugar importante para o comércio do Antigo Egito.
Byblos era uma cidade localizada perto da atual cidade Beirute (Líbano). Alguns egiptólogos sugeriram que Biblos era uma colônia egípcia no Reino Antigo (2700-2200 aC). Biblos servia como um porto ao qual os egípcios vinham para construir madeira para caixões, barcos e arquitetura em geral.
Alguns registros mostram que a cidade portuária possui uma antiga e desconhecida “Senhora de Biblos”. A autora do artigo traz a ideia de Bat sendo essa deusa ancestral, pois anos depois, a “Senhora de Biblos” foi identificada como Hathor (Hethert). Essas duas deusas têm em comum o importante simbolismo da vaca.
Em Byblos, Hethert também estava conectada com a navegação e os barcos e às vezes era chamada de “Hathor de Dendera que mora em Byblos”.
O culto a Ísis (Aset) aumentou em todo o Egito principalmente no Novo Império e ocorreu um forte sincretismo entre ela e Hethert. Muitas das características e funções de Hethert também podemos ver em Aset, como a iconografia da vaca. Aset estava crescendo em culto, poder e influência no Egito assim como em Biblos. Até mesmo o antigo símbolo da navegação atribuído a Hethert, Aset ganhou posteriormente.
O fato é que Hethert desempenhou um papel importante para os egípcios e semelhantes em Biblos, começando na última metade do terceiro milênio AC. Aset, que apareceu recentemente em Biblos, desempenhou esse importante papel no segundo quarto do primeiro milênio AC. Às vezes, a “Senhora de Biblos” era chamada de Aset, Aset-Hethert ou Hethert-Aset.
The ceiling of the Temple of Hathor at Dendera, decorated with exquisite astronomical representations. It is one of the best-preserved temple complexes in Egypt.
An emissary of the Apis Bull has heard your call. He comes forth as the Herald of Ptah to grant you creativity, as the Son of Hathor to lend you strength, as Serapis to provide prosperity. In whatever name you call Him, the Apis Bull comes.
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The Apis bull is a complex figure whose worship extends centuries, from the First Dynasty in Ancient Egypt to 400 CE in the Roman Empire. He can be interpreted as a herald, intermediary, or manifestation of Ptah or Osiris; as the son of Hathor (and therefore can be shown with the solar disc and horns); and through additional syncretism in the Roman Empire also becomes the god Serapis. Sacred bulls kept in temples were treated with the utmost reverence and received full burial honors. His history is worth digging into!
I wrote a song about ancient Egypt that I finally got around to recording and posting on youtube, so if anyone wants to listen you can find it here!
if you like it, tell me! if you don’t like it, also tell me! I have another song I’ll be sharing later that’s also about ancient Egypt, so expect that in the future. Also, sorry for the self promo. Here’s a fragment of a sistrum in the shape of Hathor to make up for it.
Just finished some Egyptian cyberpunk charms, now for preorder! Got Bastet, Anubis, Setekh, Hathor, and Sekhmet, with more designs to come. $15 each, or $25 for two.
