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grammar

  • -도: too, also; even though, although
  • -을 수 없다: can’t, unable to
  • -는걸 (contraction of -는 것을): (adds emphasis to a statement; may imply that the speaker is informing one of a new fact that may be contrary to what the listener may know/be thinking)
  • -만: just, only
  • -(으)면: (indicates a condition) if, when
  • -마저: including even…, going to the extreme of…, also [on top of everything else]…
  • -게 만들다: to make [something] ___
  • -까지: up to, down to, until
  • -어/아 오다: (a helping verb that indicates an action is continuous and happens until the present, i.e. the time when the speaker speaks)
  • -ㄹ까: (used when asking a question to oneself) “Shall [I]…”, “Should [I]…”
  • -의: (indicates possession) of, -’s
  • -잖아: (added to give a meaning of “you should know that…” or “as you know…” or “don’t forget that…”; affirms or reasserts something the person you’re talking to should already know; also used to provide background information or a backstory) “Isn’t it?”, “Don’t you know?”
  • -어/아 놓다: (a helping verb that indicates the continuation of the result of a completed action; may also imply that the preceding action is done for later or future use)
  • -면 돼: (indicates that the preceding word is sufficient or enough) “It’s enough that…”, “[You] just have to…”
  • -진 않다 (contraction of -지는 않다): (emphasizes a negative fact which may be contrary to one’s expectations)
  • -어/아 보다: (a helping verb that expresses attempting or trying [to experience] something)
  • -ㄴ 줄 알다: (1) to know about or how to do something (2) indicates that what one previously thought is actually wrong and the speaker only realizes this now; “I thought… [but I was wrong]”
  • -니: (a sentence ending which indicates a question)
  • -와: and; with
  • -어/아 내다: (a helping verb that implies doing something all the way/to the very end/up to completion; may also imply that though the task was difficult, the speaker accomplished it anyway)
  • -ㄹ/ㄴ 듯이: like, as if, as though
  • -게: so that, in order to, to allow for, to let
  • -어/아 가다: (a helping verb that indicates that a continuous action goes on well into the future)

verbs/adjectives

nouns

adverbs

  • 그저: just, only, merely
  • 그래: like this/that; yeah, right
  • : all, everything
  • 살짝: slightly, lightly; a bit; sneakily, furtively, quietly
  • 완전: absolutely, completely, totally, fully, perfectly
  • 근데 (contraction of 그런데): but, however, be that as it may; by the way
  • 수백: hundreds [of]
  • 조심스레: carefully, cautiously; discretely; gently
  • 한 목소리로: literally “with one voice”; in chorus, in unison, all together
  • 하나로: with one…, with a single…
  • 괜히: for nothing, in vain, uselessly, pointlessly, with no purpose
  • 자꾸: repeatedly
  • 몰래: secretly, in secret, surreptitiously, stealthily, furtively
  • 점점: gradually, increasingly, bit by bit
  • : and, also; again, once more
  • 때로: sometimes, from time to time, occasionally, every now and then, every once in a while
  • 좀 더: a little more, a bit more
  • 어쩌면: maybe, perhaps, possibly
  • 멈칫멈칫: hesitantly, waveringly, lingeringly
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