#study help

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  this post is really late, but i thought a post about rec letters could be really helpful for futur

 this post is really late, but i thought a post about rec letters could be really helpful for future classes !!!

 why are rec letters important?

  • they allow colleges to receive a more in-depth academic profile of you than a transcript or GPA
  • teachers can directly communicate with a college to advocate for you
  • these letters are written from a more objective standpoint than your own portrayal of yourself in your application

 how do i decide who should write my rec letters?

  • first, look at your college’s specific requirements for a recommendation letter
    • this will be found on the college’s undergraduate applications website
    • ex: some colleges want a one counselor rec and one teacher rec, some want three recs with two teachers and an out-of-school source, etc. you just have to make sure to look
  • most colleges want two letters of recommendation by two different teachers
    • should be teachers from your junior/senior years, or one who has taught you for multiple years
    • i personally would recommend one math/science teacher and one humanities teacher 
  • pick a teacher…
    • whose class you got a good grade in
    • whose class you genuinely enjoyed
    • who knows you on a personal level
    • who will be able to write a personal, customized letter, not just a generic one. colleges will be able to tell if they actually know you and appreciate you as a student based on their language
    • who you worked with outside the classroom or in an extracurricular setting (bonus, not required)

 when should i ask a teacher for a rec letter?

  • as soon as possible
  • seriously, these teachers will be swamped with requests for rec letters. the sooner you ask them the sooner yours will be done and the better it will be
  • ask your teachers during…
    • the end of junior year
    • the summer in between junior and senior year
    • very early in the fall of senior year

 how do i ask a teacher for a rec letter?

  • there are two ways to ask:
    • e-mail
      • pros: you have a digital record of asking them and it’s easier to trade information
      • cons: the request could easily get lost
    • in-person
      • pros: the request is more personal and the teacher is more willing to help when seeing an actual person
      • cons: you can’t keep reminding them or pestering them, otherwise your teacher will be annoyed
  • i personally would ask in-person, and then use emails to exchange information or send reminders
  • once your teacher has accepted your request, send them the following soon after:
    • a list of colleges they need to send these letters to
    • any of the colleges’ guidelines or requirements for rec letters
    • due dates for the rec letters
    • a résumé (this is just nice for the teacher to have)
    • any things you want them to explicitly mention in your letter (ex: if you worked really hard on a twenty-page research paper for that class)
    • anything else they ask for

❔❕okay, now what?

  • congrats! you just secured yourself some kickass rec letters
  • continue to gently remind your teacher until the letters are sent, and send more information if they need it
    • don’t pester or overdo it
  • your teachers will send their letters to your colleges
  • if any problems arise, the teacher will fix it (this year my biology teacher accidentally sent the wrong document so she called all the schools to let them know and she was able to reupload my letter)
  • BREATHE. SMILE. RELAX.

 i hope this post is helpful! if you have more questions about rec letters or the college process in general, message me !!!

 OTHER COLLEGE POSTS:


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I get asked for tips for studying a lot, so I figure I’d share a brief overview of what helped get me through school and 7 years of university. :)

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MOTIVATION VS SELF-DISCIPLINE

When studying, most people try to find motivation thinking that this will get them through their study session, or they will see their failure as a result of a lack of motivation. But motivation isn’t always what we need - what do you do on the days you have no motivation? This is why we need self-discipline.

MOTIVATION VS SELF DISCIPLINE

Motivation - a willingness to do something. It is the set of psychological forces that compel you to take action. A goal or reward that you look forward to that will encourage you to study - while this is useful, what happens on a day when you just don’t feel like studying?

Self-Discipline - making yourself do things you know you should do when you don’t want to. Being trained to routinely study regardless of how unmotivated you are - this is what will get you out of bed on a day you don’t feel like studying.

So if motivation is ‘why we should do something’ - self-discipline is more ‘what to do next’.

HOW TO BE SELF-DISCIPLINED

  • Make a commitment with yourself that you will make studying as your habit. This is super important. Commit yourself to make this as your new habit. Don’t half-ass any of these suggestions or any other suggestions that other people give. Don’t give yourself silly, illegitimate excuses in the process. For this, you can do it by remind yourself on what your long-term goals in life are. Or if they don’t sound rewarding enough, remind yourself what failure feels like/ could feel like.
  • Set yourself a routine and stick to it
  • Never have a zero day - 10 minutes is better than nothing!! Do flashcards from your bed or watch youtube ted talks if you can’t physically study. This will help help develop a routine and make it easier for you to cope. Also, by studying everyday your brain will know that the content you are learning should be stored as long-term information so this will benefit you in the long run! However I do want to stress not to force yourself if you don’t have the capacity / energy for it. Take care of yourself too.
  • Avoid long breaks. Unless you know that taking an hour long break means only an hour, then you can ignore this. But fo the majority of us, once we’ve taken a while out of studying it can be hard to get back into it again. One minute you’re taking a 20 minute break for a snack and some phone time and the next thing you know you’re on Youtube and four hours have passed! To avoid this, try stick to shorter breaks - five or ten minutes for a snack break, toilet break and to check any phone messages. A good method to try for this is the Pomodoro Method!
  • Build on your productivity, not your failures.
  • If you come from a past of procrastinating and now feel motivated to change and discipline yourself, do NOT try to do everything at once. Start things slow and in steps.
  • Set yourself smaller deadlines for your goals like monthly and weekly deadlines - e.g. if you are doing a project, due 27th June, set personal deadlines, like have the introduction written by the 8th, have your literature review written by the 15th, have project complete by the 25th. 
  • Break down the things that you must do into smaller, concrete activities and put those smaller activities in that to-do list; allocate specific time periods to do each smaller activities and put it the to-do list as well; set an alarm reminder for each smaller activities. Say you have to study for English on Tuesday, because for whatever reasons you just decided to dedicate your time this Tuesday to study English. However, I’d suggest that you break down that specific activity (or “daily goal”) before putting it in your to-do list. So, instead of just putting “study for Physics”, try putting “read and highlight Chapter 9″, because putting very general/broad activity like “study English” can actually make you too confused on where and how to start doing it, and make you very prone to distractions in the process. 
  • Know your limits. Self-discipline isn’t doing as much as you can until you break - it’s about having control, knowing what you can realistically manage and getting that done.
  • Give yourself rewards! I love to have something to look forward to as I get work done! This means mixing motivation and self-discipline. I tell myself after this lecture I can have an animal crossing break or check some messages etc. 
  • Track your progress – don’t forget to put a checklist on your to-do list after accomplishing a task. It would relieve your stress a bit and motivate you to continue doing the remaining activities on your to-do list. 
  • Remove distractions from your study space! Personally, if my phone is out and I notice a notification…I’m gonna check it. It’s human nature! So to combat this, I use apps like Forest that force me to stay within the app while I study. If I know I might get hungry during a study session I’ll keep a little snack by my desk so I don’t have to get up and somehow find something else to distract me.
  • Just do it isn’t that easy. I find to get myself in a ‘work boss’ mood I need to feel good about myself so I put on a nice outfit and maybe some eyeliner and hype myself up so I know I can do my tasks and get stuff done! It feels so much better than lazing in my pyjamas trying to study.
  • Be patient. It’s going to be a rough journey, it’s going to be hard but you’ve got this! Take it one step at a time. Start off by completing one task a day, then move to two, then three, and the next thing you know, you’ll have a regular routine where you will constantly be ticking off your to-do list everyday! But remember to be kind to yourself, know when your body is not in the right state of health to study and don’t force it. Only force yourself to a limit, you’ll know when to stop and that’s okay. Just try again when you feel better! Your health is much more important!

mirai-studies-languages:

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Hi! I have a very short attention span, and I rarely find it in me to enjoy using only one resource to learn a language, so I often rely on immersion and actively using the language right from the beginning to learn languages. I’ve done this with pretty much all my languages, and it has worked out pretty well for me so far, especially with French! This is heavily inspired by this article on the medium, which changed my whole outlook on languages. I hope I can offer some helpful advice!

Starting off (A0 –> A2)

  • First of all, you’re going to have to set your goals in the language. What do you want to do in your target language? Do you want to be conversational or fully fluent? Do you want to focus on all the skills (reading, listening, writing, speaking), or only a couple? Which accent/dialect do you want to choose? Set your goals, and give yourself some habits to start sticking to.
  • In most cases, I would advice learning the alphabet and the pronunciation at first. For the alphabet, find a guide online and learn the stroke order. Keep on writing it over and over again. For languages like Mandarin Chinese or Japanese, where you have to memorise characters, try and memorise the most common characters. Also, find a pronunciation guide on YouTube or somewhere online, and immediately start working on it. Once you have a general idea of what the sounds are, start speaking and try to shadow natives (i.e. repeat what they say after them with the same intonation - you can do this with YouTube videos, or beginners exercises online).  To practice both of these at the same time, you can try reading out loud, and maybe try dictating what you hear sometimes.
  • Start listening to the language a lot. Try and listen to YouTube videos and podcasts, and get used to the sound of the language. You might even want to watch a TV show or anime in your target language with English subtitles. I’d also recommend reading and listening at the same time, so if you have subtitles in your target language, then that could be great too. The more exposed you are to the natural use of your target language, the less unintelligible they will seem. 
  • Memorise some basic vocabulary and phrases. There are loads of articles online that have basic vocabulary lists and phrases in different languages (there are even some on this website). Try memorising a few of them. In terms of what exactly you should learn vocab for, I would recommend learning vocab lists for these: numbers, subject pronouns, common greetings, the most common verbs (the first 100 should do) and their most common conjugations, days of the week, months, seasons, years, how to tell the time, how to talk about the weather, family, colours, house vocab, food, money and shopping phrases, common adjectives, common places,  adverbs, parts of the body and medical vocabulary (I got all of this from this post). It’s a lot, but it will give you a strong foundation. You can then start learning vocabulary for your interests specifically. You can do this using multiple methods. First, you could use flashcards, like anki, memrise and Quizlet. You could also play around with apps like Duolingo or Lingodeer. Also, you could write them down, and keep testing yourself on them until you have them memorised (both target language to english, and english to target language). Make sure that you have audio, and that you know how the word/phrase sounds, and the pronunciation.
  • Start speaking with someone online. I recommend apps like Tandem and HiNative. Start trying to have conversations of basic topics straight away, and make sure you get corrections. Look up the words as you go.
  • Memorise a few basic grammar structures. This is especially important for languages like Korean or Japanese, which have extremely different grammar structures to English. Learn basic present, past and future tenses, along with basic articles and determiners, agreement, reflexive verbs, basic particles, negation and gender.
  • Immerse. I would recommend starting off with posts and videos that offer advice about things, since the language used in these tend to be simplistic, but topic specific. You can also use apps like LingQ. When practicing listening and reading, you can use the advice in these two posts (listening,reading). Don’t memorise every word you come across, and slowly try to ease yourself in.

Making the leap to the intermediate stage (A2 –> B1)

  • Vocabulary: I’ve already talked about methods of memorising vocabulary earlier, so I won’t talk about it again. As for what you should be memorising, I would suggest basing it on your interests and topical issues. When you immerse, and come across certain interesting words, then memorise them. You can also explore the tag for your target language on tumblr, and try and memorise some of the in depth vocabulary lists on here.
  • Grammar: I would suggest finding a specification, or list of grammar structures for the intermediate level, and learn all of them using articles and youtube videos. Then, try and use the rules regularly in your speaking and writing and receive corrections. Also, do practice questions. 
  • Listening:I have gone in depth on how to practice listening in the post I mentioned earlier, so I won’t elaborate too much. Overall, I’d say that it is better to make sure that you are listening to the language a lot, and that what you are listening to is comprehensible input. 
  • Reading: Find some learners exercises online, and keep doing them. You can also just generally try to read more, based on your interests. I would also suggest to apply the methods from the post I mentioned earlier.
  • Writing: Try and write a few sentences every now and then, and use your new grammar structures and vocabulary as much as possible. Make sure that you receive corrections. I have gone in depth on this subject in thispost.
  • Speaking:Find a speaking buddy online, and try and organise meetings, where you just try and practice speaking. Look up words you don’t know, and be brave: most people are kind, and won’t mind if you make mistakes, so keep trying to move forward.

Going from intermediate to conversational (B1 –> B2)

  • Vocabulary: Focus on your interests, and areas that will be useful to you. Make sure that you actually use the words that you are memorising while writing and speaking. 
  • Grammar: I think the same advice as the beginner to intermediate stage is applicable here.
  • Listening: Listen to both intermediate podcasts and YouTube videos in the target language (innovative languages, iyagi, dreaming spanish, a piece of french, InnerFrench etc.), and also to native material (youtube videos, films, TV shows, vines, tiktoks etc.) that you find interesting. Use transcripts or subtitles (in the target language) to memorise new vocabulary, and then keep repeating the audio until you understand everything. 
  • Reading: Read whatever you can get your hands on, as long as it is reasonably simple enough. I would recommend kids books, and also translations of books that you have already read in your target language.
  • Writing:Try starting a journal in your target language, and also try writing letters/e-mails to people, and maybe write some essays on topical issues. Once again, make sure that you get corrections. 
  • Speaking:Continue having conversations with people in your target language. Let yourself make mistakes and be corrected, because that is the only way to improve. For your accent and pronunciation, shadow native material (I use Easy Languages for this). 

This is as far as I have gotten in terms of my self-study journey, so I’m afraid I won’t be able to offer much more advice. When I eventually reach an advanced C1 level in a language, then I’ll definitely make a post about that. Thank you for reading this post! I hope it was useful to you!

ancientoptimism:

Study discord server announcement!

Hello!! I know a lot of people are going back to school/college/university in the next few weeks. So I decided that I would make a discord server. A study group one!!

Here is why you should join:

  • There will be multiple voice channels and text channels to cater to anything you could need. Such as silent VCs and presentation ones.
  • You will be able to meet new people with similar interests to you!
  • Study in groups and get help on certain topics!
  • Learn new things by watching others practise their presentations. Or gain confidence in your own skills by presenting!
  • Get helpful links and websites that others have found to make your learning journey easier!
  • Help others!!
  • They are roles you can assign yourself to help things like pronouns, age and hobbies be clear to others. That way everyone is safe and kept comfortable.
  • There are chilled channels for when you need a break from studying; nobody should work themselves too hard!

With everyone going back to education after summer break I thought it would be a great idea! My friends and I create study groups a lot but I know a lot of people are unable to do so. But you are now!! There’s no pressure to chat in the discord; if you only wish to join a VC muted that is completely up to you :)

Everyone is welcome to join whether you be going into highschool, in the middle of highschool, going into higher education or in the middle of higher education. You’re all welcome!!

Before I begin: sorry for my long break. I’m back and changed my profile picture (in case you have no idea who on earth you are following here) and my template… and also my header for my posts so… you know… everything.
But now let’s start. :)

This time I want to make it short, so here are 26 study tips for learning a foreign language.

  1. Study every day. Even if you just study 5 minutes, that’s important for your progress. 17 minutes every day is FAR BETTER than two hours on one day of the week.
  2. Learn the most important 100-300 words.
  3. Use good apps/websites for your target language. Take the time to find out which apps and websites work best for you.
  4. Watch movies, series and videos in your target language. If needed turn on subtitles.
  5. Write a little text every day. For example a diary entry.
  6. IMPORTANT: Practice speaking right from the BEGINNING!
  7. Try to live your language as much as you can. You should do everything you can in your target language. Think about what you do in your native language and then try to do it in the language you want to learn.
  8. Change the language on your social media websites.
  9. Change the language on your smartphone.
  10. Read books for children if normal books are too difficult for you.
  11. Study vocabs you just can’t keep in mind with apps extra for this problem.
  12. Find a chat group in your target language. More people, more fun.
  13. Try to think in your target language, even if you’re quite new to it. For example learn the numbers and use your target language for counting.
  14. Make a plan for learning. (Yeah that came a little bit late lol)
  15. Find out which learning type you are. Seriously don’t skip this. You really, really, really should know that! It will make things so much easier!
  16. Use new words as soon as you can. For example when chatting with your language exchange partner: replace every word you can with your new vocab.
  17. Write a list with big and (IMPORTANT) small goals (!!!)
  18. Listen to music while reading the lyrics, even if you don’t understand it.
  19. Read a book and listen to the audio version of it.
  20. Write a diary in your target language.
  21. Talk to yourself. Who could be more interesting? :p
  22. Write a list with rewards for reaching your goals.
  23. TRACK YOUR PROGRESS! You will need this when hitting a plateau.
  24. Search for apps/websites that are only available in your target language and use them.
  25. Use a calendar with your goals and progress on it.
  26. Use image search for hard vocabs. Try to get a connection to this word.

    Done. I hope some of these tips help you. :)
    PS: Sorry for mistakes but my new notebook marks every English word as wrong.

websites to download PDF textbooks / e-books (academic books) for FREE!

Hey guys! It’s been a while! I know I’ve mentioned in a few posts before that I’ve gone paperless with my lecture notes, textbooks + everything else that has to do with papers in university, I want to highlight again that in my opinion as a sophomore university student (a scholarship student with student loan),academic print books arereallyexpensive. For each semester, I usually take 4-6 courses (around 20 credits hour per semester), so I would have needed to buy 4-6 books each semester. Honestly, I couldn’t afford to buy them every semester. Therefore, I opted to borrow the books from library+print them in B&W (colour printing is expensive when there’s hundred of pages) + bind each of them. I usually do this for heavier / core courses (i.e. higher credit hours). Whenever possible, I also bought second hand books from seniors (usually books that are from lighter courses). I did all these repeatedly until the end of my second semester of foundation year. It hurts my wallet (+ heart) so much from a trip down this memory lane uhuhuhu.

After the second semester of my foundation year, I started going paperless with my textbooks first. To my knowledge, most of the free e-books websites usually require us to sign up / something + this annoys me very much. I tried searching for other websites that doesn’t need us to sign up, + I’ve finally found them. In my opinion, these free PDF textbooks are such lifesavers for my wallet. So, I thought of sharing with everyone (especially university / college students) where I download these PDF textbooks / e-books.

First of all, I usually use these websites to download academic books in PDF formats (I will update / add on this list if I have found new websites):

After that, I would import them into the Documents by Readdle appon my iPad. This app is one of my top 5 favourite apps of all time (plus it’s free), but it’s only available for iOS. I always use it to view/read PDF books, highlight + search texts, bookmark pages, etc. Besides file manager, it can also function as a media player. Talk about multifunction!

Well, that’s all! I’ll probably get busier with my internship starting soon, so I won’t have much time to post on my Tumblr :(

If (b+3)x^2+(a-1)y^2+(a+b-10)xy+14x-21y-1=0 is an equation of  a circle what is the value of a and b?

What is Intelligence?

  • Intelligence: mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations
  • It’s a socially constructed concept that differs from culture to culture.
  • Controversies on intelligence: 1. Whether it is one overall ability or many, and 2. Whether neuroscientists can locate and measure intelligence within the brain.
  • Toreify intelligence is to treat it as though it were a real object, not an abstract concept.
  • Most psychologists now define intelligence as the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and adapt to new situations.

General Intelligence

  • Factor Analysis: a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (called factors) on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie one’s total score
  • Enables researchers to identify clusters of test items that measure a common ability
  • Charles Spearman, who helped develop factor analysis, believed there is also a general intelligence, or, g.
  • General intelligence (g): a general intelligence factor that according to Spearman and others underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test
  • He proposed that general intelligence is linked to many clusters that can be analyzed by factor analysis

Contemporary Intelligence Theories

  • Howard Gardner disputes the idea of one general intelligence
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  • He proposes 8 independent intelligences: and speculates about a ninth one- existential intelligence which is the ability to think about the question of life, death, and existence.
  • Brain damage may diminish one type of ability but not others.
  • Savant syndrome: a condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing.
  • Robert Sternberg’s triarchic theory proposes only 3 intelligences: analytical, creative, and practical intelligences.

Emotional Intelligence

  • Emotional intelligence: the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions
  • Emotionally intelligent people are self-aware
  • Four components:
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  • Gardner and others criticize the idea of emotional intelligence and question whether we stretch this idea of intelligence too far when we apply it to our emotions.

Intelligence and Creativity

  • Creativity: the ability to produce novel and valuable ideas.
  • It correlates somewhat with intelligence, but beyond a score of 120, that correlation dwindles.
  • Expertise: A well-developed knowledge base.
  • Imaginative Thinking: The ability to see things in novel ways.
  • Adventuresome Personality: A personality that seeks new experiences rather than following the pack.
  • Intrinsic Motivation: A motivation to be creative from within.
  • A Creative Environment: A creative and supportive environment allows creativity to bloom.

Is Intelligence Neurologically Measurable?

  • Recent Studies indicate some correlation (about +.40) between brain size and intelligence.
  • As brain size decreases with age, scores on verbal intelligence tests also decrease.
  • Studies of brain functions show that people who score high on intelligence tests perceive stimuli faster, retrieve information from memory quicker, and show faster brain response times.

The Origins of Intelligence Testing

  • Intelligence testing: a measure for assessing an individual’s mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores
  • Alfred Binet and his colleague Théodore Simon practiced a more modern form of intelligence testing by developing questions that would predict children’s future progress in the Paris school system.
  • Binet and Simon, set out to recognize a child’s mental age
  • Mental age: the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance
  • Example: a child who does well as the average 8 year old, is said to have a mental age of 8
  • In the US, Lewis Terman adapted Binet’s test for American school children and named the test the Stanford-Binet Test.
  • Extended the test’s range from teenagers to “superior adults”
  • German psychologist William Stern created the “Intelligence quotient” or IQ
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Modern Tests of Mental Abilities

  • Aptitude tests are intended to predict your ability to learn a new skill
  • Achievement tests are intended to reflect what you have already learned.
  • Wechsler developed the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) and later the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC), an intelligence test for preschoolers.
  • WAIS measures overall intelligence and 11 other aspects related to intelligence that are designed to assess clinical and educational problems.
  • Separate scored for verbal comprehension, perceptual organization, working memory, and processing speed
  • Differences in scores can alert for possible learning problems or brain disorders

Principles of Test Construction

  • For a psychological test to be acceptable it must fulfill the following three criteria: Standardization, Reliability, and Validity

Standardization

  • Standardizing a test involves administering the test to a representative sample of future test takers in order to establish a basis for meaningful comparison.
  • Standardized tests establish a normal distribution of scores on a tested population in a bell-shaped pattern called the normal curve. (bell curve)
  • Normal curve: the symmetrical bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological attributes. Most scores fall near the average, and fewer scores lie near the extremes
  • In the past 60 years, intelligence scores have risen steadily by an average of 27 points.  This phenomenon is known as the Flynn effect.

Reliability

  • A test is reliable when it yields consistent results. To establish reliability researchers establish different procedures:
  • To establish reliability researchers establish different procedures:
  • Split-half Reliability: Dividing the test into two equal halves and assessing how consistent the scores are.
  • Reliability using different tests: Using different forms of the test to measure consistency between them.
  • Test-Retest Reliability: Using the same test on two occasions to measure consistency.

Validity

  • Reliability of a test does not ensure validity.
  • Validity of a test refers to what the test is supposed to measure or predict.
  • Content Validity: Refers to the extent a test measures a particular behavior or trait.
  • Predictive Validity: Refers to the function of a test in predicting a particular behavior or trait.

The Dynamics of Intelligence

  • Intelligence scores become stable after about seven years of age
  • A valid intelligence test divides two groups of people into two extremes: the mentally retarded (IQ 70) and individuals with high intelligence (IQ 135).
  • Mentally retarded individuals required constant supervision a few decades ago, but with a supportive family environment and special education they can now care for themselves.
  • Mental retardation: a condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and difficulty in adapting to the demands of life; varies from mild to profound
  • Down syndrome: a condition of retardation and associated physical disorders caused by an extra chromosome in one’s genetic makeup

Genetic Influences

  • Studies of twins, family members, and adopted children together support the idea that there is a significant genetic contribution to intelligence.
  • Adopted children show a marginal correlation in verbal ability to their adopted parents.
  • Fraternal twins raised together tend to show similarity in intelligence scores
  • Identical twins raised apart show slightly less similarity in their intelligence scores
  • Heritability of intelligence refers to the extent to which variation in intelligence test scores in a group of people being studied is attributable to genetic factors.
  • Heritability never applies to an individual’s intelligence, but only to differences among people

Environmental Influences

  • Early neglect from caregivers leads children to develop a lack of personal control over the environment, and it impoverishes their intelligence.
  • Siblings within impoverished families have more similar intelligence scores which means that among the poor, environmental conditions can override genetic differences. 
  • Schooling is an experience that pays dividends, which is reflected in intelligence scores.
  • High-quality preschool programs can provide at least a small boost to emotional intelligence, which leads to a better attitude towards learning and reduces school dropouts and criminality.
  • Increased schooling correlates with higher intelligence scores.

Ethnic Similarities/Differences

  • There is a test score gap between races
  • However, these group differences are most likely due to environmental differences
  • Asian students outperform North American students on math achievement and aptitude tests. But this may reflect conscientiousness more than competence as well as Asian students attending school 30% more days
  • Today’s better prepared populations would outperform populations of the 1930s on intelligence tests
  • White and black infants tend to score equally well on tests predicting future intelligence
  • Different ethnic groups have experienced periods of remarkable achievement in different eras

Gender Similarities/Differences

  • Females are better spellers; at the end of high school, only 30% of males spell better than the average female
  • Females are verbally fluent and have large vocabularies 
  • Females are better at locating objects
  • Females are more sensitive to touch, taste, and color
  • Males outnumber females in counts of underachievement
  • Males tend to talk later and stutter more often
  • Males outperform females at math problem solving, but underperform at math computation. However, girls are less likely to be encouraged to pursue STEM fields, but as more girls get encouraged this gap is decreasing 
  • Females detect emotions more easily than men do

The Question of Bias

  • Aptitude tests are necessarily biased in the sense that they are sensitive to performance differences caused by cultural differences.
  • However, aptitude tests are not biased in the sense that they accurately predict performance of one group over the other.
  • A stereotype threat is a self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype.
  • Stereotype threat explains why women do better in math tests when men aren’t in the room

Need help with a certain lesson, assignment, or just want resources? Let me know :) ask box is always open for a reason and is mostly what I’m posting nowadays since that way I help you guys exactly with what you need. Also faster to post than my notes (I have a really big school load this sem).

With many starting a new school year and returning to classrooms, I wanted to curate and assemble a part 2 to help you with studying, focusing, relaxing, or sleeping. My part 1 post can be found here.Like my first masterpost, everything’s been hyperlinked for your convenience and credited to the original creator. There’s also no talking or people like in traditional ASMR videos. Instead, they’re carefully layered sounds with accompanying audiovisuals. Please be sure to support the original creators by checking out their channels, subscribing, liking, commenting, becoming Patreons, etc! Let me know if this masterpost was useful for you and I’ll make a part 3 in the future, enjoy and happy listening ♡

SPOOKY / FALL AMBIENCES 

Supernatural Bakery ASMR Ambience (POV: You just wanted a muffin but the bakery is haunted, lol) by: Miracle Forest

AUTUMN WITCH’S KITCHEN AMBIENCE: Heavy Rain Sounds, Fireplace Sounds and Bubbling Cauldron by: Autumn Cozy

Ghost Coffee Shop ASMR Ambience with Rain and Thunder Sounds by:  Adam Ecos Art 

Haunted House Halloween Ambience - 3 Hours of Relaxing Spooky Sounds and White Noise by: Calmed By Nature 

Cozy Camp in Eerie Forest - Campfire and Spooky Woods Sounds - Ambience - 1 Hr by: Nocturnal Network

Halloween Café ☕ Ambience ASMR by: Slytherin Girl 

SCHOOL / LIBRARY AMBIENCES

Dark Academia Aesthetic Ambience ◈ Rainy Window Edinburgh Street View ◈ Thunder & Soft Echoed Music by: ASMR Weekly

Classroom Ambience Sounds for Study, Focus by: Winter Whale 

Vampire School ASMR Ambience by: Miracle Forest

ASMR Rainy night School by: 1 Hour Ambience Therapy

Divination Classroom Ambience - Harry Potter Inspired ASMR - Magical tea room Fireplace 1 hour by: ASMR Rooms 

CAFE AMBIENCES

Central Perk Ambience - F.R.I.E.N.D.S Inspired Coffee Shop 3D soundscape 1 Hour by: ASMR Rooms

Rainy Day at the Coffee Shop Ambiance - 6 Hours of Rain, background chatter and Jazz Music by: Relax Sound 

[ASMR/Ambience]Lively afternoon cafe atmosphere / people’s voice, cafe sound by: Sound Forest

Rainy Night Paris Cafe Ambience with Smooth Jazz and Rain Sounds for Relaxation, Focus, & Sleep by: Calmed By Nature

RAINY AMBIENCES

Brooklyn New York | Dumbo | Thunder & Rain Sounds To Help You Sleep | 8Hrs by: Ambient Renders

My quiet place in the city | Rain Sounds and Fireplace by: Cozy Rain 

Relaxing Rain on Window with Fireplace Sounds for Sleeping, Study, Relax | Rustic Cozy Nook Ambience by: New Bliss 

It’s raining. I’ll sleep in the car! - Car Camping by: Dreamy Sound

INSPIRED AMBIENCES

Rainstorm in Ponyo’s House (Studio Ghibli ASMR Ambience) by: The Glorified Onion

My Hero Academia Ambience ASMR | UA Dorm Room by: Sinne

ASMR Other Mother The Beldam’s Coraline Doll Making Ambience●Coraline Halloween Special by: ASMR Soupe

Bella Swans Room Twilight Ambience ASMR by: Slytherin Girl

Harry Potter Inspired Ambience - Ron Weasley’s Bedroom - Relaxing Soundscape for Studying and Sleep by: ASMR Rooms

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