Hi! This is Admin Yu. Today’s grammar lesson will be on passive voice in Korean.

1. Passive Suffix

Passive verbs can be made by using passive suffixes -이/히/리/기-

• 보다(to see) → 보이다(to be seen)
• 묻다(to bury) → 묻히다(to be buried)
• 물다(to bite) → 물리다(to be bitten)
• 쫓다(to chase) → 쫓기다(to be chased)

The stem(어간) of passive verb includes the passive suffix! So when you conjugate the verb, you don’t have to change the suffix since stem is the part that doesn’t change.

경찰이 도둑을 잡다(The police catch a thief) → 도둑이 경찰에게 잡히다(A thief be caught by the police)
경찰이 도둑을 잡았다(The police caught a thief) → 도둑이 경찰에게 잡히었다/잡혔다(A thief was caught by the police)
바다가 보이는 방(room where sea can be seen = room with sea view)
산에 묻힌 보물(treasure buried in the mountain)

2. –어지다

‘-어지다’ can make passive voice.

• 만들다(to make) → 만들어지다(to be made)
• 이루다(to accomplish) → 이루어지다(to be accomplished)
• 지우다(to erase) → 지워지다(to be erased)
• 뒤집다(to turn over) → 뒤집어지다(to be turned over)

내 꿈이 이루어졌다(My dream came true)
지워진 기록(erased record)

3. -되다, -당하다

Noun + ‘-되다, -당하다’ can make passive voice.

• 결정(decision) → 결정되다(to be decided)
• 발견(discovery) → 발견되다(to be discovered)
• 가공(processing) → 가공되다(to be processed)
• 감염(infection) → 감염되다(to be infected)
• 계획(plan) → 계획되다(to be planned)
• 취소(cancel) → 취소되다(to be canceled)

대통령이 당선되었다(The president was elected)
파티가 취소되었다(The party was canceled)

• 고문(torture) → 고문당하다(to be tortured)
• 무시(ignorance) → 무시당하다(to be ignored)

그 아이는 부모에게 무시당했다(The child was ignored by his parents)

I hope this grammar lesson helped!

-Written and edited by Admin Yu

Hello! This is Admin Sun here. Today I’ll teach you how to conjugate verbs in future tense. There are a lot of ways to make your verbs into future tense, and today I’ll be covering them one by one.

1. -겠-

By using this pre-final ending (*Lesson on pre-final endings by Admin Na can be found here) you can refer to a future event. Being future tense, this pre-final ending can also imply assumption. This is the most widely used pre-final ending to express future tense.

EXAMPLES:

• 내일 나는 민희를 만나러 가겠다.  (Today I will go meet 민희)
• 오늘 오후에는 서울에 비가 오겠습니다. (This afternoon it will rain in Seoul)

2. -리- 

This is also a pre-final ending you can use. It’s a bit archaic and not used in common speech that much. 

EXAMPLES: 

• 내일 내가 다시 오리라 (I will come back tomorrow)

3. –(으)ㄹ

This is an adnominal ending (Introduced here by admin Hyun) that can express future tense. 

EXAMPLES:

• 그녀는 내일 떠날 사람이다. (She is a person who will leave tomorrow)
• 이것은 다음주에 내가 읽을 책이다. (This is the book I will read next week)

4. –(으)ㄹ 것

This is a combination of the adnominal ending introduced above and the noun ‘것’. This is a widely used combination to express future tense.

EXAMPLES:

• 그 문제는 선생님께서 해결할 것이다. (The teacher will handle that problem)
• 내일도 꽃은 아름다울 것이다. (The flowers will be beautiful tomorrow too.)

5. Adverbs that express future tense

This is the last of future tense I’ll talk about today, and it’s really important, and quite simple. You basically use words that indicate the future like 내일 (tomorrow)and곧 (Soon). Of course, since you use these words when it’s future tense, it’s important to conjugate the verbs to match the future tense. So you will use these words that indicate future tense with the verb conjugating patterns I introduced to you above.

EXAMPLES:

• 내일 눈이 내릴 것이다. (Snow will fall tomorrow)
• 나는곧 병원에 가겠다. (I will go to the hospital soon)

Well that’s it for today’s lesson! I hope this was of some help to you :D

-Written by Admin Sun

-Edited by Admin Yu

Hi! 안녕하세요. This is Admin Na. And today I’m going to talk about the present tense.

What is the present tense?

The present tense is a tense that coincides with the time when the event occurs.

Pre-final ending ‘-ㄴ-/-는-’: 

Expresses the current tense in combination with verbs.

Ex)

• I play basketball with my friends.: 나는 친구들과 농구를 한다.
• A sleeping baby: 잠을 자는아기
• He was proud of his father, a doctor.: 그는 의사인 아버지를 자랑스러워했다.
• Sunwoo drinks water.: 선우는 물을 마신다.
• Sung Eun is eating.: 성은이가 밥을 먹는다.

No pre-final ending: 

In adjectives or descriptive postposition, the current tense can be expressed without a pre-final ending.

Ex)

• The weather is hot today.: 오늘은 날씨가 덥다.
• My brother is a college student.: 우리 형은 대학생이다.

A modifier form ending ‘-는’: 

Expresses the current tense in combination with verbs.

Ex)

• I am looking at my brother who is eating.: 밥을 먹는 동생을 보고 있다.
• The cup rice that Jimin eats is really delicious.: 지민이가 먹는 컵밥은 정말 맛있다.
• I’m studying for the exam.: 시험공부 하는나.

A modifier form ending ‘-(으)ㄴ’: 

To express the present tense in combination with adjectives or narrative ending.

Ex)

• I feel good when I see pretty flowers.: 예쁜 꽃을 보면 기분이 좋다.
• Pretty Jimin is coming to the academy.: 예쁜 지민이가 학원에 온다.
• Minji is a pretty child.: 민지는 예쁜아이이다.

Time adverbs representing the present: 

‘오늘’, ‘지금’ etc.

Ex)

• I read a book in the library now.: 나는 지금 도서관에서 책을 읽는다.
• Jonghee studies hard today.: 종희는 오늘도 열심히 공부를 한다.
• It’s windy now.: 지금 바람이 분다.
• The train is leaving now.: 기차가 지금출발한다.

REVIEW TEST

1. What is the present tense?

A: The present tense is a tense that coincides with the time when the event occurs.

2. Write an example that includes the pre-final ending ‘-ㄴ-/-는-’

A: I play basketball with my friends. etc(you can make tons of them!)

3. In adjectives or descriptive postposition, can the current tense be expressed without a pre-final ending?

A: 0

Thank you all for reading this post! I really hope this was helpful for you, and also, there is a previous post of ours introducing the pre-final ending(which would help you understand the Korean present tense more easily)! So if you’re interested, I think you should check it out! Always stay safe:D Jojal-jojal Korea is always pulling for you!!

참조 사진 및 출처

• 솔빛 국어연구소
  

-Written by Admin Na

-Edited by Admin Yu

A tense is a grammatical category that represents the temporal position of a situation based on a point in time. The tense is divided into ‘past-present-future’ depending on the relationship between 발화시(the time of speech) and 사건시(when the action or condition appears).

Past tense is a time expression in which event time precedes speech. The past tense is mainly realized by 선어말 어미 ‘-았-/-었-’.

ex)

-나는 저번 주에 떡볶이를 먹었다.(I had 떡볶이 last week.)

=> ‘What I ate 떡볶이’ happened before ‘talking about what i ate 떡볶이’.

=> 먹다(basic form) + ‘-었-’(선어말 어미) = 먹었다

-철수는 어제 영희와 놀았다.(철수 played with 영희 yesterday.)

=> ‘What Chul-soo played with Young-hee’ happened before ‘talking about what 철수 played with 영희’.

=> 놀다(basic form) + ‘-았-’(선어말 어미) = 놀았다

It is sometimes used in the form of ‘-았었/-었었-’ to express that something happened a long time ago or is not the case now. Use ‘-더-’ to recall past events or experiences.

ex)

-철수는 전에는 당근을 먹었었다.(철수 used to eat carrots.)

=> 철수 used to eat carrots, but he doesn’t eat them now.

=> 먹다(basic form) + ‘-었었-’(선어말 어미) = 먹었었다

-어제 영희가 준 사과가 맛있더라.(The apple that 영희 gave me yesterday was delicious.)

=> The speaker recalls that the apples given by 영희 in the past were delicious.

=> 맛있다(basic form) + ‘-더-’(선어말 어미) = 맛있더라

when using in as 관형사절(adnominal clause), 관형사형 어미(an adnominal form ending)‘-(으)ㄴ’and‘-던’ is used for verbs, and ‘-던’ is used for 형용사(adjective) and ‘이다’. You can also add ’-았/었-’ followed by ’-던/었.’

ex)

-식탁 위에 내가 먹은/먹던/먹었던 빵이 있었다.(There was bread I ate on the table./There was the bread I was eating on the table./There was bread I had eaten on the table.

-철수는푸르던 하늘을 떠올렸다.(철수 recalled the blue sky.)

-그 때는 영희가 학생이던/학생이었던 시절이다.(That was when Young-hee was a student.)

- Written by Admin Do

-Edited by Admin Yu

studykorean101:

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Basic - 기본
♡ Hangul - 한글 (한국어 알파벳)
♡ Korean Numbers -  한국어 번호
♡ Calendar -  달력
♡ Korean Sentence Structure

╰─━━━━━━━━━━━━─╯ 

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Vocab - 어휘
♡ Christmas - 크리스마스
♡ New Year -  새해
♡ Grocery Shopping - 식료품 쇼핑
♡ Korean Onomatopoeia -  한국어 의성어
♡ Clothes - 옷
♡ Animals - 동물들
♡ Idol Phrases - 관용구
♡ Fruit - 과일
♡ Veggies - 채소
♡ Spring - 봄
♡ Body - 몸
♡ Family - 가족
♡ Korean Slang / Shortened Expressions
♡ LGBT+ Vocab - 엘지비티
♡ Korean Homonyms - 한국어 이의어
♡ Summer Vocab - 여름 어휘
♡ Birthday Vocab - 생일 어휘

╰─━━━━━━━━━━━━─╯ 

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Korean Culture - 한국 문화
♡ Korean Age - 한국 나이
♡ 안녕하세요 vs 여보세요
♡ Shoulders in Korea 
♡ Batchim - 받침
♡ 당신 vs 너

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Grammar - 문법
♡ Conjugation - 동사 
♡ Particles -  문법적 입자
♡ Counters -  복수형 

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Helpful Asks - 질문들
♡ FAQ
♡ 이다 Conjugation
♡ “Is this right?” Korean Translation
♡ “How are you?” Korean Translation
♡ 이에요 / 입니다 Uses and Rules
♡ 행복하다 - meaning
♡ 난 네 블로그를 사랑해 - I love your blog
♡ Why did he say 언니?? 
♡ Korean Spacing
♡ Am I a Koreaboo?
     ~ Part 1||Part 2||Part 3 
♡ Why is it -서 instead of -고?
♡ Korean Texting Abbreviations
♡ Sentence Structure
♡ Gender Neutral Korean Titles
♡ Difference between 저/제/저의 and 나/너/나의
♡ Korean Difference
How To:
♡ Staying Motivated / Focused
♡ Study Grammar!
♡ Improve Handwriting
♡ Improve Pronunciation
♡ Not Struggle with Hangul
♡ “Introduce Myself” (자기소개)
♡ Say you’re studying Korean for fun!
Recommended:
♡ Textbooks
♡ Apps
♡ Websites
♡ Tips for Beginners
♡ Webtoons

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About Me
♡ Introduction -  자기 소개
♡ 깜작이야 vs 감자탕
♡ How I got my Korean Name
♡ My Study Routine
♡ My Face
♡ SK101 IG & TWITTER
♡ 10k Follower Special - About Me

╰─━━━━━━━━━━━━─╯ 

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Reading Comprehension
♡ Little Red Riding Hood - 빨간 모자
       Part 1||Part 2 ||Part 3 ||Part 4
♡ Diary - 일기
       Part 1||Part 2||Part 3 
♡ My Friend Jiyeon
       Part 1||Part 2

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under construction constantly

studiousbees:

Time for more grammar! I think I would consider this one to be… intermediate? But I don’t remember seeing it actually introduced in any of the textbooks I’ve check out! Anyway, let’s take a look at -토록, a grammar point used to indicate a certain extent of something.

Keep reading

merrytransmas:

merrytransmas:

@people who write (s)he or s/he:

i hope you’re sitting down because i have something amazing to tell you… there is a word… “they”… that you could use when you don’t know a person’s gender/pronouns… yeah… amazing i know

“ #Except grammar #I’m salty about this #Because #singular v. plural #grammar”

i’m really fucking tired of seeing shitty tags like this on my post lmao

i use ‘they’ pronouns. singular. because i am not multiple people. many other trans/nb people like myself also use singular they as their pronouns. that alone should be enough for you all to stop whining about how “they are plural!!!!” and accept it as a singular pronoun as well.

but if you absolutely need some other sources for “they” being grammatically correct as a singular pronoun, knock yourself out:

• oxford english dictionary
• merriam-webster ask the editor
  
• wikipedia: singular they
• the economist: singular they

Sample Conversations

Lesson Thirty - “Pottery”

Conversation

English

[SEO-JUN]

How was the ceramics festival.

[JU-GYEONG]

It was fun. I even made pottery.

[SEO-JUN]

So, you’ve made pottery? You do not like to craft of sculpt.

[JU-GYEONG]

That’s because I have absolutely no skills in making things. But it was still fun when I tried it.

[SEO-JUN]

Where’s the pottery? Show me.

[JU-GYEONG]

The pottery is baked and sent by a courier. I’ll show you when it arrives.

Conversation

한국어

[서준]

도자기 축제 어땠어?

• 도자기= Pottery / Ceramics
• 축제=Festival
• 어때=How
• -았 / 었어(요) = [Past Tense]

[주경]

재미있었어. 나 거기서 도자기도 만들어 봤어.

• 재미있다= To be fun
• -았 / 었어(요) = [Past Tense]
• 나= I, Me
• 거기=There
• 도자기= Pottery / Ceramics
• -도=Also
• 만들다= To make
• 보다= (This case) Try, Experience

[서준]

도자기를 만들어 봤단 말이야? 너 공예나 조각 같은 거 싫어하잖아.

• 도자기= Pottery / Ceramics
• -을 / 를 = [Object Marker]
• 만들다= To make
• 보다= (This case) Try, Experience
• -았 / 었어(요) = [Past Tense]
• -단 말이(야 / 예요) = [Questioning something unbelievable] Do you mean…?
• 너=You
• 공예=Crafts
• 조각= Sculpt / Sculpture
• 같다= To be like, similar
• 거= (것) Thing
• 싫어하다= To hate, dislike

[주경]

내가 워낙 만드는 재주가 없으니까. 그래도 한번 해 봐는데 재미있더라.

• 내가= I, Me
• 워낙= So, Very
• 만들다= To make
• ㄴ / 는 =[Modifier]
• 재주= Talent, Skill
• -이 / 가 = [Subject Marker]
• 없다= To not exist
• 그래도= But, however
• 한번=Once
• 하다= To do
• 보다= (This case) Try, Experience
• -는데= [Backgroun information]
• 재미있다= To be fun

[서준]

도자기는 어디 있어? 보여 줘.

• 도자기= Pottery / Ceramics
• -은 / 는 = [Topic Marker]
• 어디=Where
• 있다= To exist
• 보여주다= To show (someone)

[주경]

도자기는 구워서 택배로 보내 준대. 도착하면 보여 줄게.

• 도자기= Pottery / Ceramics
• -은 / 는 = [Topic Marker]
• 굽다= To bake
• -(아 / 어)서 =Because
• 택배= Parcel (delivery) service
• -(으)로= By means of…
• 보내다= To send
• 주다= To give
• 도착하다= To arrive
• -면= If, when
• 보여주다= To show (someone)

Grammar

Lesson Thirty-One: Telling Time

Hours

When telling time, you would use NATIVE numbers for the hour. Let’s review native numbers 1-12.

• 하나=One
• 둘=Two
• 셋=Three
• 넷=Four
• 다섯=Five
• 여섯=Six
• 일곱=Seven
• 여덟=Eight
• 아홉=Nine
• 열=Ten
• 열하나=Eleven
• 열둘=Twelve

You can add the word “시” to express “hour.” A few numbers are shortened for the ease of pronunciation.

• 하나 + 시 -> 한 시 /1시= 1 o’clock
• 둘 + 시 -> 두 시/2시= 2 o’clock
• 셋 + 시 ->세 시 /3시=3 o’clock
• 넷 + 시-> 네 시 /4시= 4 o’clock
• 다섯 시 /5시= 5 o’clock
• 여섯 시 /6시= 6 o’clock
• 일곱 시 /7시= 7 o’clock
• 여덟 시 /8시= 8 o’clock
• 아홉 시 /9시= 9 o’clock
• 열 시 /10시= 10 o’clock
• 열하나 + 시 ->열한 시 /11시=11 o’clock
• 열둘 + 시 -> 열두 시/12시= 12 o’clock

Minutes

While you’d use Native Korean numbers for hours, you’d use SINO Korean numbers for minutes. Let’s review Sino Korean numbers 1-10.

• 일=One
• 이=Two
• 삼=Three
• 사=Four
• 오=Five
• 육=Six
• 칠=Seven
• 팔=Eight
• 구=Nine
• 십=Ten

Similar to using “시” to express “hour”, you can use “분”to express “minute.”

• 일 분 /1분= One Minute
• 오 분 /5분= Five Minutes
• 십 분/10분= Ten Minutes
• 이심이 분 /22분= Twenty-Two Minutes
• 삼십 분 /30분= Thirty Minutes
• 오십칠 준 / 57분 = Fifty-Seven Minutes

Hour + Minutes

Now let’s combine the two!

다섯 시 사십 분 / 5시 40분 =5:40

열한 시 이십이 분 / 11시 22분 =11:22

일곱 시 팔 분 /7시 8분 =7:08

열두 시 오십오 분 /12시 55분 =12:55

두 시 삼십 분 /*두 시 반 / 2시 30분 = 2:30

*To express half an hour you could also say 두 시 반(Half).

AM and PM

Another important aspect of telling time is expressing AM and PM if you are using the 12-hour clock.

• AM / Forenoon =오전
• PM / Afternoon =오후

You would add 오전 or 오후 BEFORE the time.

오전 오 시 반 /오전 5시 반 = 5:30 am

오후 여덟 시 십오 분/오후 8시 15분 = 8:15 pm

If you want to get more specific, here are a few other options:

• Dawn (1-6 am) =새벽
• Morning (7-11 am) =아침
• Evening (6-11 pm) =저녁/밤

What’s the purpose of filler words?

Are filler words like um,like, and you know a sign of poor speaking skills, or do they serve a purpose?

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Vocabulary Focus

• 바닷가 = seaside
  
• 길가 = roadside
  
• 강가 = riverside
  
• 가게 = store
  
• 과일가게 = fruit store
  
• 구멍가게 = hole-in-the-wall store**
  
• 가다 = to go
  
• 걸어가다 = to go by walking
  
• 들어가다 = to enter/go in
  

**구멍가게 is rarely used and has lowly/humble connotations so 작은 가게 is preferred usually

Grammar Highlights

~고 Connector

1. Basically indicates that 1 action occurs and then another
   
2. Adding 나서 after ~고 stresses doing one action after the previously mentioned action
   
3. Connects similar ideas
   
4. Connects adjectives
   
5. 1st verb connected to ~고 is only conjugated if (1) when 1 action occurs after another with considerable time between the 2 actions and the 1st action leads to the 2nd action’s possibility; and (2) when connecting clauses with similar ideas happened in the past with no real indication of action order
   
6. Using 는/은 can compare 2 nouns in ~고 sentences
   
7. ~고 싶다 is connected to verbs to mean “I want to…” – remember 싶다 conjugates as an adjective
8. ~고 있다 denotes being in the process of getting into a state or position literally right now (i.e. 나는 앉고 있어 “I am literally in the process of bending my knees to sit down” vs. 나는 앉아 있어 “I am sitting”)

Sentences

저 과일가게에서 딸기를 사고 딸기는 간식으로 먹어요.

제 친구는 이 작은 가게에 들어가고 싶지만 문이 잠겨 있어요.

저는 바닷가를 걷고 있어요.

길가에서 제 차가 고장나 연기를 피웠어요.

우리는 강가를 걸은뒤 낚시를 할 거예요.

우리는 강가를 걸은뒤 낚시를 할 거예요.

저는 과일가게에서 쇼핑을 하고 나서 집으로 갈 거예요.

당신이 열심히 공부한다면 좋은 대학에 들어갈 거예요.

저는 돈이 많지 않아 구멍가게에서 식료품을 사고 싶어요.

저는 방학 동안 바닷가에 갔고 강가에 갔어요.

저는 열심히 공부했고 교직에 들어갔어요.

VERB PER DAY #1

먹다 - to eat

Past tense - 먹었어요

• 저는 어제 피자를 먹었어요.
• I ate pizza yesterday.

Present tense - 먹어요

• 오후 열두 시에 점심을 먹어요.
• I eat lunch at 12 pm.

Present progressive - 먹고 있어요

• 지금 빙수를 먹고 있어요.
• I am eating bingsu now.

Future tense - 먹을 거예요

• 나중에 친구들이랑 냉면을 먹을 거예요.
• I will eat naengmyeon later with my friends.

VOCABULARY WORDS #1

The following words are words that are commonly used in a daily conversation. These are helpful and good to know especially to those who are still in a beginner level and to those who are still building up their vocabulary in Korean.

*자주 - frequently / often

*가끔 - sometimes

*거의 - almost

*계속 - continuously

*똑바로 / 바로 - straight

*좀 - please

*가장 - most

*먼저 - ahead / first

*우선 - in the first place

*매우 / 무척 / 아주 - very

*너무 - too / so

*얼마나 - how long/much/many

*정말 - really

*참 - really / very

*많이 - many

*약간 - a few / little

*전혀 - none / not at all

*잘 - well

*일찍 - early

*이따가 - later

*못 / 안 - not

*더 - more

*모두 / 다 / 전부 - all / whole

*또 / 다시 - again / once more

*따로 - separately

*주로 - mainly / usually

*간단히 - simply

*갑자기 - suddenly

*빨리 / 어서 - fast / quickly

*천천히 - slowly

*같이 - together

*벌써 - already

*곧 - soon

*새로 - newly

*금방 - soon

*방금 - just now / seconds ago

*늘 / 항상 - always

*조용히 - quietly

*열심히 - eagerly

*언제나 - whenever

*오래 - for a long time

*없이 - without

*아까 / 좀전에 - a while ago

*특히 / 특별히 - especially

*아직 - yet

*미리 - in advance

*바로 - right now

*직접 - directly

*깜빡 - with surprise

*꼭 - firmly / just

*아마도 - probably

*별로 - particularly

*그냥 - just

*서로 - with each other

iguessweallcrazyithinktho:

as 

• while 
• when,
• whilst
•  even as
•  just as
•  just when
•  simultaneously as
•  so long as
•  at the moment that
•  at the same time that at the time that
•  in the act of
•  in the process of 
• on the point of
• during the time that
•  at the same time as
•  during the time
•  throughout the time
•  in the time
•  during which
•  during which time
• for the period that
•  at the same time
•  meanwhile
•  at the time
•  as long as
•  exactly when
•  at the very moment that
• at the very time that after
•  as soon as
•  immediately when
•  immediately after
• instantly when once

looked

• glanced 
• gazed 
• stared
• gaped
• peered
• focused 
•  peeped 
• peeked
• took a look
• taken a look 
• watched
• considered 
• saw 
• seen
• observed 
• viewed
• regarded
• marked 
• checked out
• glimpsed 
• spotted 
• eyed 
• took in 
• taken 
• in ogled
• eyeballed 
• beheld
• beholden 

before

• ahead
• back
• previously
• since
• sooner
• afore
• aforetime
• ante
• antecedently
• anteriorly
• before present
• ere
• fore
• former
• formerly
• forward
• gone
• gone by
• heretofore
• in advance
• in days of yore
• in front
• in old days
• in the past
• past
• precendently
• previous
• up to now

smiled

• beam
• grin
• laugh
• smirk
• simper
• be gracious
• express friendliness
• express tenderness
• look amused
• look delighted
• look happy
• look pleased

touch

• brush
• caress
• feel
• handle
• hit
• kiss
• lick
• pat
• reach
• rub
• strike
• stroke
• tap
• abut
• adjoin
• border
• communicate
• contact
• converge
• dab
• examine
• finger
• fondle
• frisk
• glance
• graze
• grope
• inspect
• join
• line
• manipulate
• march
• massage
• meet
• neighbor
• osculate
• palm
• palpate
• partake
• paw
• percuss
• pet
• probe
• push
• scrutinize
• sip
• smooth
• suck
• sweep
• tag
• taste
• thumb
• tickle
• tip
• toy
• verge
• be in contact
• butt on
• come together
• feel up
• impinge upon
• lay a finger on

exhaled

• breathe
• emit
• give off
• let out
• discharge
• eject
• emanate
• evaporate
• expel
• issue
• respire
• steam
• vaporize

nodded

• acknowledge
• bend
• bow
• greet
• respond
• salute
• acquiesce
• agree
• approve
• assent

passionate

• ardent
• dramatic
• eager
• eloquent
• emotional
• expressive
• fervent
• fierce
• fiery
• forceful
• heartfelt
• heated
• impassioned
• intense
• poignant
• spirited
• strong
• vehement
• violent
• zealous
• affecting
• animated
• blazing
• burning
• deep
• fervid
• flaming
• frenzied
• glowing
• headlong
• high-powered
• high-pressure
• hot
• hotblooded
• impetuous
• impulsive
• inspiring
• melodramatic
• moving
• precipitate
• quickened
• steamed up
• stimulated
• stirring
• thrilling
• warm
• wild

but

• although
• however
• nevertheless
• on the other hand
• still
• though
• yet

gasped

• choke
• snort
• whoop
• blow
• convulse
• gulp
• heave
• inhale
• inspire
• pant
• puff
• respire
• sniffle
• wheeze
• catch one’s breath
• fight for breath

frowned

• glare
• glower
• grimace
• pout
• gloom
• lower
• sulk
• cloud up
• do a slow burn
• give a dirty look
• give the evil eye
• knit brows
• look black
• look daggers
• look stern

movement

• act
• action
• change
• development
• evolution
• exercise
• flow
• migration
• move
• operation
• progress
• shift
• advance
• agitation
• alteration

swirled

• boil
• churn
• roil
• twirl
• whirl
• agitate
• coil
• crimp
• crisp
• curl
• eddy
• purl
• roll
• snake
• surge
• swoosh
• whirlpool
• whorl
• wriggle

iguessweallcrazyithinktho:

as 

• while 
• when,
• whilst
•  even as
•  just as
•  just when
•  simultaneously as
•  so long as
•  at the moment that
•  at the same time that at the time that
•  in the act of
•  in the process of 
• on the point of
• during the time that
•  at the same time as
•  during the time
•  throughout the time
•  in the time
•  during which
•  during which time
• for the period that
•  at the same time
•  meanwhile
•  at the time
•  as long as
•  exactly when
•  at the very moment that
• at the very time that after
•  as soon as
•  immediately when
•  immediately after
• instantly when once

looked

• glanced 
• gazed 
• stared
• gaped
• peered
• focused 
•  peeped 
• peeked
• took a look
• taken a look 
• watched
• considered 
• saw 
• seen
• observed 
• viewed
• regarded
• marked 
• checked out
• glimpsed 
• spotted 
• eyed 
• took in 
• taken 
• in ogled
• eyeballed 
• beheld
• beholden 

before

• ahead
• back
• previously
• since
• sooner
• afore
• aforetime
• ante
• antecedently
• anteriorly
• before present
• ere
• fore
• former
• formerly
• forward
• gone
• gone by
• heretofore
• in advance
• in days of yore
• in front
• in old days
• in the past
• past
• precendently
• previous
• up to now

smiled

• beam
• grin
• laugh
• smirk
• simper
• be gracious
• express friendliness
• express tenderness
• look amused
• look delighted
• look happy
• look pleased

touch

• brush
• caress
• feel
• handle
• hit
• kiss
• lick
• pat
• reach
• rub
• strike
• stroke
• tap
• abut
• adjoin
• border
• communicate
• contact
• converge
• dab
• examine
• finger
• fondle
• frisk
• glance
• graze
• grope
• inspect
• join
• line
• manipulate
• march
• massage
• meet
• neighbor
• osculate
• palm
• palpate
• partake
• paw
• percuss
• pet
• probe
• push
• scrutinize
• sip
• smooth
• suck
• sweep
• tag
• taste
• thumb
• tickle
• tip
• toy
• verge
• be in contact
• butt on
• come together
• feel up
• impinge upon
• lay a finger on

exhaled

• breathe
• emit
• give off
• let out
• discharge
• eject
• emanate
• evaporate
• expel
• issue
• respire
• steam
• vaporize

nodded

• acknowledge
• bend
• bow
• greet
• respond
• salute
• acquiesce
• agree
• approve
• assent

passionate

• ardent
• dramatic
• eager
• eloquent
• emotional
• expressive
• fervent
• fierce
• fiery
• forceful
• heartfelt
• heated
• impassioned
• intense
• poignant
• spirited
• strong
• vehement
• violent
• zealous
• affecting
• animated
• blazing
• burning
• deep
• fervid
• flaming
• frenzied
• glowing
• headlong
• high-powered
• high-pressure
• hot
• hotblooded
• impetuous
• impulsive
• inspiring
• melodramatic
• moving
• precipitate
• quickened
• steamed up
• stimulated
• stirring
• thrilling
• warm
• wild

but

• although
• however
• nevertheless
• on the other hand
• still
• though
• yet

gasped

• choke
• snort
• whoop
• blow
• convulse
• gulp
• heave
• inhale
• inspire
• pant
• puff
• respire
• sniffle
• wheeze
• catch one’s breath
• fight for breath

frowned

• glare
• glower
• grimace
• pout
• gloom
• lower
• sulk
• cloud up
• do a slow burn
• give a dirty look
• give the evil eye
• knit brows
• look black
• look daggers
• look stern

movement

• act
• action
• change
• development
• evolution
• exercise
• flow
• migration
• move
• operation
• progress
• shift
• advance
• agitation
• alteration

swirled

• boil
• churn
• roil
• twirl
• whirl
• agitate
• coil
• crimp
• crisp
• curl
• eddy
• purl
• roll
• snake
• surge
• swoosh
• whirlpool
• whorl
• wriggle