#mapuche
‘Being Latino and being an actor has been a unique struggle and opportunity. When you don’t fit into what may be a more stereotypical vision of somebody whose name is Pedro is, it can be a little bit harder to navigate.’
I’ve had the opposite experience of having the most Anglo name in the world and showing up a brown person. (People clumsily try to figure out what I am. They can just ask! My great-grandparents are from the Andalusia region of Spain but like many Chileans, I’m now a mix of Caucasian and Mapuche on my mother’s side. I’m also the darkest skin-toned kid in the family. My siblings call me the ‘ethnic’ one. Because siblings.)
Yanara Wangülhen Mapuche machi witch #mapuche #machi #witch #bruja #pueblosoriginarios #chile #argentina #witchcraft #chaman
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Chon Chon
Chon Chon is the name for the invisible flying metamorphosis of the vampiric Kalkus, nefarious sorcerers and witches within the mythology of the Mapuche (indigenous group found in south-central Chile and southwestern Argentina). After applying magical ointment to their throats, Kalkus are able to coax their heads from their necks and sprout a full complement of feathers and claws. Their ears grow to such gargantuan size that they can be used for flight.
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On Sunday, Chileans elected Elisa Loncon, a Mapuche activist, professor, and linguist, to lead their constitutional convention. After a year of protests over income inequality sparked initially by a raise in subway fare, Chileans are holding a convention with elected representatives to re-write the old constitution left to them by the Pinochet dictatorship. The election of a woman from Chile’s largest indigenous group is an incredible gesture that, just a few years ago, would have seemed unfathomable.
As a linguist and professor, one of the many changes she advocates for is minority language rights. In her acceptance speech, she uses several words and phrases from Mapudungun. There are approximately 250,000 speakers of Mapudungun in Chile and Argentina, despite colonial practices that sought to eradicate the language. Here is what she says:
Feley = así está, así es
Mari mari (pu lamngen) = hello (brothers & sisters)
Mari mari (kom pu che) = hello (everyone)
Mari mari (Chile mapu*) = hello Chile
She then begins to greet each part of Chile by region (I don’t know enough Mapudungun to transcribe that accurately) before repeating the same greeting in Spanish.
At the end of her speech, she again speaks Mapudungun, using a slogan that has been popular on the Latin American left for decades:
Marichiweu = diez veces venceremos!
*Mapu means “earth,” and “che” means “person,” therefore Mapuche means “people of the earth.” The ancestral territory of the Mapuche is called Wallmapu (roughly, “universe”), and is located in southern Chile and Argentina.
COURTESY
Architect : Undurraga Devés Arquitectos
Location: La Pincoya, Huechuraba, Santiago Metropolitan Region, Chile
Project Complete: 2011
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Mapuche (mapudungun)
Basic facts
- Number of native speakers: 260,000
- Official language: Galvarino, Padre Las Casas, and Temuco (Chile)
- Spoken in: Argentina
- Script: Latin, 26 letters
- Grammatical cases: 0
- Linguistic typology: agglutinative, SVO
- Language family:Araucanian
- Number of dialects: 4
History
- 1606 - first grammar
- 1765 - first dictionary
- 1986 - a unified alphabet is developed
Writing system and pronunciation
These are the letters that make up the script: a d e f g i k l ḻm n ṉñ ng o p r s sh t ṯtru ü w y.
TheUnified Alphabet is used in publicationsand supported by the Catholic Church, while the Ragileo system is favored by one of the Mapuche organizations.
Stressis placed on the last syllable if it is closedand on the penultimateone if it is open. If both syllables are open, the accent falls on the final syllable.
Grammar
Nouns have two genders (masculine and feminine) and two numbers (singular and plural). Both are marked using particles, which in the case of plurality depend on whether the noun is animate.
Personal and possessive pronouns also have a dual number.Numbersare extremely regularin their formation.
Verbsare conjugated for tense, aspect, mood, voice, person, and number.Particlesare also used to express how speakers feel about what they have said.
Dialects
There are fourmaindialects:Pehuenche, Huillice, Moluche, and Ranquenche. They differ in pronunciation and vocabulary, and have some lexical differences.
Se mueve hacia la luz
Marcha No mas AFP
Domingo 26 de marzo
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#afp #chile #marcha #mapuche #bandera #fotografia #sinfiltro #nomasafp #2017 #movilizacion #psicologia #pueblo (en Valparaíso, Chile)
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Amulepe taiñ weichan
Mapuche Purrufe
Shamanic dance
October is not October
In 1492 nothing altered the daily life of Wallmapu. We greeted Antü as every day, continued with the tasks in our lands, the wampo led us through rivers and lakes, drank our pulku and kissed our pichikeche.
October is not October in the WALLMAPU because it took 40 years for the invaders to come to the Pikunmapu. And even there, they didn’t dare to enter. Only in 1541 the wezache Valdivia raised Penco, in the north margin of the Bío Bío and our futrakecheyem immediatly went to confront them. Here, with no gods or expected prophecies…
October is not October because the war was merciless and meant extermination for our people, but here, the Spanish couldn’t against us. They couldn’t defeat us and after three decades of incredible mortality, unspeakable suffering, tears and blood, our elders balanced the account and in 1598, threw the Winka north of the sacred river. They lost. They where expelled.
Here, the king, his governors, knights and soldiers could not defeat us. And in 1641 pita winka, Spain had to admit the Mapuche independence and sovereignty of the Bío Bío to the south. In Ngulumapu and Puelmapu. Of sea to sea.
And we greeted Antü as every day, we returned to our lands to feed us, returned the wampo and on horseback the Mapuche freedom extended throught all the territory. And we drank our pulku and kissed our pichikeche. And we grew and we lived.
One decade, two decades, three… Many that transformed into centuries. More than 300 years of freedom, of culture, of wind in the face, of kütral in our homes, of wangelen shining in the nights, of well-being… Of az mongen, küme mongen.
On October 12, 1492 nothing happened at the WALLMAPU. October is not October for the Mapuche of Puelmapu. That colonial nightmare was not dreamt by us, until May 25, 1879, when the wezache Roca formed his troops in Choele Choel and sounded his bugles, his cannons.
October is not October for the Mapuche.
October is May.
~Kalffu Nawel
Octubre no es octubre
Octubre no es octubre
En 1492 nada alteró la vida cotidiana del #Wallmapu. Saludamos a Antü como cada día, continuamos con las tareas en nuestras tierras, los wampo nos condujeron por ríos y lagos, bebimos nuestros pulku y besamos a nuestros pichikeche.
Octubre no es octubre en el WALLMAPU porque 40 años demoraron los invasores en asomarse a la Pikunmapu. Y no se atrevieron a entrar. Recién en 1541 el wezache Valdivia levantó Penco, en la margen norte del Bío Bío y ya le salieron al cruce nuestros futrakecheyem. Aquí, nada de dioses ni de profecías esperadas…
Octubre no es octubre porque la guerra fue despiadada y de exterminio para los nuestros, pero aquí los españoles no pudieron. Después de tres décadas de increíble mortandad, de sufrimientos indecibles, de lágrimas y sangre, los mayores equilibraron la cuenta y en 1598, arrojaron a los winka al norte del río sagrado.
Aquí no pudieron el rey, sus gobernadores, caballeros y soldados. Y en 1641 pita winka, España tuvo que admitir la independencia y la soberanía mapuches del Bío Bío hacia el sur. En Ngulumapu y en Puelmapu. De mar a mar.
Y saludamos a Antü como cada día, volvimos a nuestras tierras para que nos alimente, retornaron los wampo y a caballo, se extendió la libertad mapuche. Y bebimos nuestros pulku y besamos a nuestros pichikeche. Y crecimos y vivimos.
Una década, dos décadas, tres… Muchas. Que se hicieron siglos. Más de 300 años de libertad, de cultura, de viento en el rostro, de kütral en nuestros hogares, de wangelen resplandecientes en las noches, de bienestar… De az mongen, küme mongen.
El 12 de octubre de 1492 nada sucedió en el WALLMAPU. Octubre no es octubre para los mapuche de Puelmapu. Aquella pesadilla colonial no la soñamos nosotros, hasta el 25 de mayo de 1879, cuando el wezache Roca formó a sus tropas en Choele Choel e hizo sonar sus clarines, sus cañones.
Octubre no es octubre para los mapuche.
Octubre es Mayo.
-Kallfu Nawel
-Kura
Kura nike pvllv
feypikey taiñ pu Che
fey mew
guyu gekelayay
ñi Gutramkangeael feyegun
Mvley kumeke kura
Ta pu Machi tukukey
-purukemu-
ñi Kultrug mew
Ka mvley wezakekura
Wilvfvke fizrio
Reke kare llawfeñ pelom wvlkey.
-Stone
Stones have spirit
says our People
that’s why you can’t forget
to talk to them
There are positive stones
that the Machi put
-so that they dance-
in their Kultrun
And there are negative stones
that shine like glass
and only give shadows of light.
Elicura Chihuailaf
The days that had passed have been hard here in the Wallmapu.
Starting with the murderer of our two werken Iris Rosales Quiñilen and Rosa Quintana Rosales (mother and daughter). Authorities tried to labelled it as suicide, but we know what chilean police have always done…
We know what Chilean state is capable of, and today we remember it’s brutallity with even more clarity as we conmemorate the beginning of the dictatorship that ravaged Chile and the Wallmapu. Many lives where lost, many families still dont know where they parents, sons, daughters and siblings are. They are the desaparecidos, the ones that where brutally tortured and murderer for believing that a better future was possible.
Our communities mourn too, as our tribe faced during that time a intent of genocide well silenced by the chilean state.
But until our last breath, until the last tree falls at the wallmapu! Mapuche will keep screaming and fighting for justice.
You will never know peace as long as we breathe. Peace without justice is just silence, and we are not a silent culture.
AMULEPE TAIÑ WEICHAÑ!
Today we mourn the murder of another brother, killed by the Chilean state
Wallmapu it’s grieving, Ñuke Mapu it’s crying.
The Werken of Collipulli, Alejandro Treuquil, was killed by the Chilean police, after receiving multiple death threats.
In Latin America, the indigenous population it’s being killed with impunity. Tribes are being erased. They are trying to wipe our culture.
Our fight continues
AMULEPE TAIÑ WEICHAÑ
Todos íbamos descalzos,
Danzando bajo el cielo azul.
En la trutruca se oía
La voz de los espíritus.
Las pifilkas
Con cantos de golondrina,
Nos conducían al baile ceremonial.
Todos purrukabamos, todos….
Kallfü Nawel
Rüpu lafken
Lucy Coñuecar Marileo
Kupulwe
In Chile, police harrasses indigenous women in the street for selling their vegetables, just for being Mapuche, for fighting agaisnt the institutionalized racism, agaisnt the erasing of our culture and language, against the laws and government that keeps stealing our land and heritage….The same police that kills us, keeps their mouths shut if you rape people in the streets, if you use weapons against the innocents…Chile, where being Mapuche is more dangerous than selling drugs.
Zomo Mapuche!
Zomo Weichafe!
Our fight continues…
Machi
Zumiñ ta antv
Lhan Antv
Mapuche children don’t want to grow in the cement
Nüwkulenge itro fill monguen ñi tüway
The essence of life returns
Regresa la escencia de la vida
TÜFA IÑCHIN,
PU CHE TAIÑ WEWÜN!!
WEWAIÑ!
Illustration: Rosenfeldtown
