Hello! This is Admin Sun here. Today I’ll introduce some idiomatic expressions! There are a lot of Idioms (관용구) and these are some of the most frequently used expressions.  

✎뒷북치다: to hear about a certain thing late and react / make a fuss after the event is already over

Literal translation: to beat a (back/rear) drum (*the literal meaning hardly makes sense, ‘뒷북’ literally would mean ‘back drum’.)

Ex) 나는 늦게 그 농담의 의미를 깨닫고 뒷북을 쳤다. (I understood the joke late and reacted late)

✎말은 쉽다:Easier said than done. / Easy in theory

Literal translation: talking is easy

Ex) 그가 하고자 하는 것은 말은 쉽다. (What he wishes to do is easy in theory)

✎뒤통수치다: to betray someone (usually when they do not expect it)

Literal translation: Hit the back (of someone)

Ex) 나는 그녀가 뒤통수 칠 줄은 몰랐다. (I did not know she would betray me)

✎기가 죽다:to lose one’s confidence or energy, to become depressed or feel inadequate

Literal translation: Losing(dying) Energy

Ex) 나는 선생님의 말에 기가 죽었다. (I lost my confidence at my teacher’s words)

✎꿀 먹은 벙어리:someone who does not/cannot say anything (tongue tied)

Literal translation: a mute who ate honey

Ex) 그는 억울한 상황에 꿀 먹은 벙어리가 되었다. (He became tongue tied at the unfair situation)

✎봐주다: to cut some slack for someone

Literal translation: to see (for someone)

Ex) 너가 처음으로 잘못한 거니까 봐줄게. (I will cut you some slack because this is your first mistake)

✎오리발 내밀다: to lie when someone inquires you about something you did;feigning innocence of a deed

Literal translation: to stick out a duck’s foot

Ex) 그가 범죄를 저질렀음에도 불구하고 오리발을 내밀었다. (Though he committed the crime, he denied it)

✎입을 모으다: Many people having the same opinion and saying the same thing. Voicing the same opinion / agreeing

Literal translation: gathering mouths

Ex) 손님들은 입을 모아 그를 칭찬했다. (All the guests praised him)

✎한눈팔다: to get distracted, not concentrating at the task at hand

Literal translation: selling an eye

Ex) 영희는 한눈팔다 번호를 까먹었다. (Getting distracted, 영희 forgot the number.)

✎수박 겉핥기: to do something superficially / superficial, shallow

Literal translation: Licking the outer of a watermelon

Ex) 그의 지식은 수박 겉핥기에 불구하다. (His knowledge is superficial at best)

✎속을 썩이다: to cause trouble and worry

Literal translation: to make the inside rot

Ex) 그 문제아는 부모의 속을 썩였다. (That problem child caused his parents grief)

✎생각이 짧다: to act/speak without thinking, to act/speak inconsiderately

Literal translation: thought is short

Ex) 내 생각이 짧았던 것에 사과했다. (I apologized for my brash actions)

✎벼락치기: cramming (before a test), hastily preparing

Literal translation: lightning striking

Ex) 나는 벼락치기로 겨우 88점을 받았다. (By cramming I narrowly got an 88(points))

✎모르는 게 약이다: Ignorance is bliss / better off not knowing about something

Literal translation: not knowing is medicine

Ex) 묻지마, 모르는게 약이야. (Don’t ask, it’s better if you don’t know.)

✎말을 돌리다: changing the topic of a conversation, going off topic

Literal translation: Turning talk

Ex) 그는 현실을 부정하고 싶은지 말을 돌렸다. (He changed the topic as if he didn’t want to face reality)

✎말도 안 되다: nonsense, being absurd or impossible

Literal translation: Not even a word / talk

Ex) 나는 당황해서 말도 안 되는 소리를 했다. (I talked nonsense as I was flustered.)

Well that’s it for the idioms! I hope this was of some help :D happy studying and stay safe everyone!

-Written by Admin Sun

A tense is a grammatical category that represents the temporal position of a situation based on a point in time. The tense is divided into ‘past-present-future’ depending on the relationship between 발화시(the time of speech) and 사건시(when the action or condition appears).

Past tense is a time expression in which event time precedes speech. The past tense is mainly realized by 선어말 어미 ‘-았-/-었-’.

ex)

-나는 저번 주에 떡볶이를 먹었다.(I had 떡볶이 last week.)

=> ‘What I ate 떡볶이’ happened before ‘talking about what i ate 떡볶이’.

=> 먹다(basic form) + ‘-었-’(선어말 어미) = 먹었다

-철수는 어제 영희와 놀았다.(철수 played with 영희 yesterday.)

=> ‘What Chul-soo played with Young-hee’ happened before ‘talking about what 철수 played with 영희’.

=> 놀다(basic form) + ‘-았-’(선어말 어미) = 놀았다

It is sometimes used in the form of ‘-았었/-었었-’ to express that something happened a long time ago or is not the case now. Use ‘-더-’ to recall past events or experiences.

ex)

-철수는 전에는 당근을 먹었었다.(철수 used to eat carrots.)

=> 철수 used to eat carrots, but he doesn’t eat them now.

=> 먹다(basic form) + ‘-었었-’(선어말 어미) = 먹었었다

-어제 영희가 준 사과가 맛있더라.(The apple that 영희 gave me yesterday was delicious.)

=> The speaker recalls that the apples given by 영희 in the past were delicious.

=> 맛있다(basic form) + ‘-더-’(선어말 어미) = 맛있더라

when using in as 관형사절(adnominal clause), 관형사형 어미(an adnominal form ending)‘-(으)ㄴ’and‘-던’ is used for verbs, and ‘-던’ is used for 형용사(adjective) and ‘이다’. You can also add ’-았/었-’ followed by ’-던/었.’

ex)

-식탁 위에 내가 먹은/먹던/먹었던 빵이 있었다.(There was bread I ate on the table./There was the bread I was eating on the table./There was bread I had eaten on the table.

-철수는푸르던 하늘을 떠올렸다.(철수 recalled the blue sky.)

-그 때는 영희가 학생이던/학생이었던 시절이다.(That was when Young-hee was a student.)

- Written by Admin Do

-Edited by Admin Yu

Here are some nouns and verbs that are used together or go well together!

*All verbs below are in original form(dictionary form)

한숨을 쉬다 : to sigh

한숨 : ⓝ sigh

소원을 빌다 : to make a wish

소원을 이루다 : to make a wish come true

소원 :  ⓝ wish

약속을 지키다 : to keep a promise

약속을 어기다 : to break a promise

약속 :  ⓝ promise

전화를 걸다 : to make a phone call

전화를 받다 : to pick up the phone

전화를 끊다 : to hang up

전화 :  ⓝ telephone

마법을 걸다 : to cast a spell(magic)

마법 :  ⓝ magic

소리를 지르다 : to scream

소리 :  ⓝ sound

노래를 부르다 : to sing

노래 :  ⓝ song

대가를 치르다 : to pay the price

대가 :  ⓝ cost, price

시험을 보다 : to take a test

시험 :  ⓝ test

코를 골다 : to snore

코 :  ⓝ nose

신발을 신다 : to put on shoes

양말을 신다 : to put on socks

신발 :  ⓝ shoes

양말 :  ⓝ socks

책을 펴다 : to open a book

책 :  ⓝ book

꿈을 꾸다 : to dream

꿈 :  ⓝ dream

싸움을 걸다 : to pick a fight

싸움을 말리다 : to break up a fight

싸움 :  ⓝ fight

-Written and edited by Admin Yu

Hi! 안녕하세요. This is Admin Na. And today I’m going to talk about the irregular conjugation.

What is an irregular conjugation? An irregular conjugation is conjugation for an irregular verb.

르 irregular conjugation :

Conjugation in which the ending syllable of stem ‘르’ is changed to 'ㄹㄹ’ before ending ’-아’ and ’-어’.

Ex)

• Cut: 가르다(기본형) 갈라, 가르니, 갈랐다(활용형)
• Climb: 오르다(기본형) 올라, 오르니, 올랐다(활용형)
• Filter: 거르다(기본형) 걸러, 거르니, 걸렀다(활용형)
• Call sb’s name: 부르다(기본형) 불러, 부르니, 불렀다(활용형)

ㄷ irregular conjugation: 

Conjugation in which the ending of the stem 'ㄷ’ turns into 'ㄹ’ before the ending with a vowel.

Ex)

• Good things happen when you hear the magpie singing.: 까치 노랫소리를 들으면 좋은 일이 생겨요. (들-으면)
• Good things happen by listening to the magpie singing.: 까치 노랫소리를 들어서 좋은 일이 생겨요. (들-어서)
• Good things happen to hear the magpie singing.: 까치 노랫소리를 들으려고 좋은 일이 생겨요. (들-으려고)
• I grew up listening to magpie singing.: 까치 노랫소리를 듣고 자랐습니다. (듣-고)
• I didn’t hear the magpie singing.: 까치 노랫소리를 듣지 못했습니다. (듣-지)

ㅅ irregular conjugation: 

The use of the stem’s ending sound 'ㅅ’ dropping out before the ending beginning with a vowel.

Ex)

• Recover: 낫다(기본형) 낫고, 나아, 나으니(활용형)
• Draw: 긋다(기본형) 그어, 그으니, 그었다(활용형)
• Join: 잇다(기본형) 이어, 이으니, 이었다(활용형)
• Make: 짓다(기본형) 지어, 지으니, 지었다(활용형)
• Swell: 붓다(기본형) 부어서, 부어야, 부어도(활용형)

Written by Admin Na

Edited by Admin Yu

자율학습  prep

야간자율학습 night prep

봉사활동 volunteer work

여름방학 summer vacation

겨울방학 winter vacation

수학여행 school trip

체육대회 athletics meeting

동아리 club

수학경시대회 mathematics competition

교과우수상 honor roll

회장 president

부회장 a vice- president

청소당번 one’s turn for sweeping

생활기록부 student record

자기소개서 a letter of self- introduction

강당 hall

학생회 student council

모의고사 mock test

조퇴 early leave

지각 lateness

석차 standing

표준편차 standard deviation

Written by Admin Ju

Edited by Admin Yu

Hello! This is admin Do. Today I’m going to talk about ‘여’ 불규칙 활용. (In literal translation, ‘‘여’ 불규칙 활용’ means ‘여’ irregular conjugation)

Conjugation of 하다(to do) 

There are many 어미(ending) that start with 아/어, like ‘-아/어’ and ‘아서/어서’. For most of the verbs, ‘-아/어’ part stays the same. However, when ‘하-’ and ‘-아’ are combined, it is not transformed into ‘하아’ but ‘하여’.

That’s because of ‘여’ 불규칙 활용. It means the use of 어미(ending) ’-아’ turns into 어미(ending) ’-여’. ‘하다’ and All verbs and adjectives with suffix ’-하다’ are used irregularly.

By the way, if you’re curious about all Verbs and Adjectives the suffix ‘-하다’, I recommend you read the post Vocabulary List(By admin Yu, Vocabulary - Verbs). :)

‘하다’ has no form change when combined with 어미(ending) like  ‘-게, -고, -지’ ( ‘하게, 하고, 하지’ ) which begin with a consonant. But when combined with 어미(ending) like ‘-아’ which begins with a vowel, changes occur. (Just a quick tip, we don’t count ‘ㅇ’ that comes at the very first of a syllable as a consonant since it doesn’t withhold any sound value!)

Example)

• 하아 (x) -> 하여 (o)
• 하아라 (x) -> 하여라 (o)
• 하아서 (x) -> 하여서 (o)
• 하았다 (x) -> 하였다 (o) (The ‘-았-’ signifying the past tense changes to ‘-였-’.)

Example)

• 일하았다 (x) -> 일하였다 (o)
• 정직하았다 (x) -> 정직하였다 (o)

These words below can be abbreviated by combining 어간(stem) and 어미(ending). Both shortened and not shortened are grammatically correct.

• 하여 -> 해
• 하여라 -> 해라
• 하여서 -> 해서
• 하였다 -> 했다

Written by Admin Do

Edited and revised by Admin Yu 

Reference: 두산백과, 표준국어대사전

Hello everyone, this is admin Sung. Today, I’m going to introduce you Sajaseong-eo that starts with letter ‘ㄴ’. Before start, Sajaseong-eo is an idiom consisting of four Chinese letters. It contains a lesson or origin.

내우외환 內憂外患 ( nae-u-oe-han)

內 : 안 내 (inside)
憂 : 근심 우 (worry)
外 : 바깥 외 (outside)
患 : 환난 환 (hardship)

Direct translation: internal and external troubles

Liberal translation: To mean anxiety or conflict within the country and hardship from outside the country; a word that human beings always live in anxiety

노승발검 怒蠅拔劍 ( no-seung-bal-gum)

怒 : 노할 노 (to be in a rage)
蠅 : 파리 승 (a fly)
拔 : 뽑을 발 (Draw (a sword)
劍 : 칼 검 (sword)

Direct translation: When one sees a fly, he gets angry and pulls a knife and chases it

Liberal translation: To get angry at trivial things, to take too great measures against trifles

노심초사 勞心焦思 ( no-sim-cho-sa)

勞 : 힘쓸 로 (work hard)
心 : 마음 심 (mind)
焦 : 그을릴 초 (blacken)
思 : 생각 사 (thought)

Direct translation: To have a lot of thoughts in my mind and be torn by anxiety

Liberal translation: a state of great apprehension and worry about something

능소능대 能小能大 ( neung-so-neung-dae)

能 : 능할 능 (be good at)
小 : 작을 소 (small)
能 : 능할 능 (be good at)
大 : 큰 대 (huge)

Direct translation: To be good at both small things and big things

Liberal translation: To be proficient in everything

난형난제 難兄難弟 ( nan-hyeong-nan-je)

難 : 어려울 난 (difficult)
兄 : 형 형 (older brother)
難 : 어려울 난 (difficult)
弟 : 아우 제 (younger brother)

Direct translation: It’s hard to be an older brother or a younger brother

Liberal translation: Having similar learning and talents, it is difficult to distinguish superiority between two

누란지위 累卵之危 ( nu-ran-ji-wi)

累 : 포갤 누 (to pile up)
卵 : 알 란 (an egg)
之 : 의 지 (‘s)
危 : 위태할 위 (precarious)

Direct translation: To lay several eggs on top of each other 

Liberal translation: a fragile and precarious state

낭충지추 囊中之錐 ( nang-chung-ji-chu)

囊 : 주머니 낭 (a pocket)
中 : 가운데 중 (the middle)
之 : 갈 지 (to be)
錐 : 송곳 추 (an awl)

Direct translation: an awl in one’s pocket

Liberal translation: Just as a sharp awl always pierces through it even if it stays still, a man of outstanding talent is seen by others

난공불락 難攻不落 ( nan-gong-bul-lak)

難 : 어려울 난 (difficult)
攻 : 공격할 공 (to attack)
不 : 아닐 불 (not)
落 : 떨어질 락 (to fall)

Direct translation: Not only is it difficult to attack, but it is never taken down

Liberal translation: Target difficult to handle

노방생주 老蚌生珠 ( no-bang-saeng-ju)

老 : 늙을 노 (old)
蚌 : 조개 방 (a shell)
生 : 날 생 (born)
珠 : 구슬 주 (a marble)

Direct translation: Old clams produce pearls

Liberal translation: To praise a person for having a bright son, the father and son have excellent academic talent

Written by Admin Sung

Edited by Admin Yu

um…hi? is this thing on…

it’s been approximately 3 years since I’ve attempted to be a langblr and uhh stuff has happened in my personal life, as I’m sure it has to everyone

for one, I’m actually in college now?? yay???

which on one hand it’s like “omg I should come back on and do more studyblr stuff, that would actually be useful to me now”

but on the other hand……i do have homework

not to mention my semester’s almost over PLAJSDFK

i might start up again and post more proficiently, someday

but for now I think I’ll focus on doing this when i feel like it, when it won’t be too stressful or overwhelming and I can really have fun posting my little notes and tips and shenanigans >:)

tl;dr–i’m kinda back! (might ghost for a few days but yknow)

today- aujourd’hui

gravedigger- un fossoyeur

forceps- le forceps

stonemason- un maçon

barber- un barbier

haircut- une coupe de cheveux 

carpenter- un charpentier

panpipes- la flûte de Pan

emptiness-  état d’être vide

marquee- un fronton, une marquise

sheep- le mouton

heaven- le ciel, le paradis

goat- la chèvre

hell- l’enfer (m)

to catch on fire- prendre feu

to fade- s'estomper

to smile- sourire

to laugh- rire

to live it up- faire la fête, mener la grande vie

la grenouille- frog

un crapaud- toad

coasse- ribbit 

un têtard- tadpole

un amphibien- amphibian 

une grenouille abricole- tree frog (more formal/scientific)

une rainette- tree frog (less formal/scientific)

une grenouille-tareau- bullfrog (standard name across all french)

un wawaron, ouaouaron- bullfrog (variant used by north american french only)

la cuisse de grenouille- frog leg (when you eat them, otherwise they’re called pattes) 

raniculteur/ranicultrice- someone who raises frogs, a frog farmer

une grenouille de bénitier- someone, most often a woman, who is religious to a fault, holier-than-thou, a zealot ‘frog from the holy water’

grenouiller-  engage in commercial or political scheming, especially unscrupulously ‘to frog’

manger la grenouille- to misappropriate funds, to embezzle, ‘to eat the frog’

la bave du crapaud n'atteint pas la blanche colombe- sticks and stones may break my bones but words will never hurt me, I am rubber you are glue ‘the spit of the toad won’t reach the white dove’

il n’y a pas de grenouille qui ne trouve son crapaud- there’s someone for everyone ‘there’s not a frog that won’t find their toad

Fat Lip Vocab

casualty- une victime, qqn ou quelque chose blessé ou perdu (typiquement en guerre ou catastrophe naturelle)

victim- une victime

society- la société

old people- personnes âgées

mullet- une nuque longue

brat- un gamin

abortion- un avortement

to be sick of- en avoir marre de

to waste time- perdre du temps

to crave- désirer, souhaiter ardemment

to fall in line- rentrer dans le rang

don’t count on me- ne pas compter sur moi

reading fanfic in your target language can help you pick up new vocabulary words! I just finished ‘Batman R.I.P’ a series of vignettes of different characters grieving the loss of Bruce Wayne.

la bêta lecture- beta reading

une étude des personnage- character study

le Chevalier Noir- dark knight ‘black night’

le canon- canon

le casque- helmet, helm (in this case, batman’s cowl)

la cape- cape

la poussière- dust

un enterrement- burial

la presse people- tabloids, news about celebrities 

jouer dans la cour des grands- to punch above your weight, to play in the big leagues, to compete out of one’s skill set ‘to play in the big courts’

jeune- young

good- bon.ne

old school-  vieille école, à l’ancienne

hot- canon (only in the sense of beauty)

a slut- une salope

fierce- féroce 

crazy- fo.u.lle

plain- ordinaire, simple

just for fun- juste pour l'amusement

war- une guerre

novel- un roman

program- un programme

opera- un opéra

plot- l’intrigue (f)

cousin- cousin.e

godmother- marraine

wine- le vin

complicated- compliqué

Russian- russe

strict- strict

bewildered- perplexe

to appreciate- apprécier

unfortunately the french are quite fond of ‘la numération romaine’ and use it everywhere. It’s smart to be able to recognize 1-21 at the very least since they’re most often used to talk about centuries. Here’s a helpful cheat sheet!

one - un - I

two - deux - II (one two times)

three - trois - III (one three times)

four - quatre - IV (one before five)

five - cinq - V

six - VI (one after five)

seven - sept - VII (two after five)

eight - huit - VIII (three after five)

nine - neuf - IX (one before ten)

ten - dix - X 

fifteen - quinze - XV (five after ten)

twenty - vignt - XX (two tens)

thirty - trente - XXX (three tens)

forty - quarante - XL (ten before fifty)

fifty - cinquante - L

ninety - quatre-vignt-dix - XC (ten before one hundred)

one hundred - cent - C

step-dad - beau-père  (pour les enfants d’un premier mariage, le second mari de leur mère) (beau-père can be translated as father-in-law or stepfather)

threat- une menace

whim- un caprice

the prodigal son- le fils prodigue (qqn qui était partie avec une ambition démesurée)

heinous- odieux, haineux

copasetic- exellent, super, genial

Guatemalan- guatémaltèque

in the throws of- en pleine, en train de, sous le coup de

loud and clear- haut et fort, fort et clair, très clairement

tie the knot-  être marier, ‘faire le noeud‘

flip the bird- faire un doigt d’honneur ‘renverse l’oiseau’

to flip- se retourner, basculer (argot, devenir fou)

to jump- sauter

to die- mourir

Fuck you and the horse you rode in on- ‘Allez vous faire foutre, toi et ton cheval’ C’est ‘fuck you’ avec un intensifieur qui indique que l’autre personne est trop arrogant.

get screwed- se faire baiser,  être fichu

got screwed by the horse that he rode in on- un jeux de mots avec le phrase ‘Fuck you and the horse you rode in on’. Ici le cheval représente les plans qui a mal tourné.

https://youtu.be/qEY_EikuUC0

VOCABULARY WORDS #2 (어휘)

Family - 가족

Grandfather - 할아버지

Grandmother - 할머니

Father - 아버지

Mother -어머니

Younger brother - 남동생

Younger sister - 여동생

Son - 아들

Daughter - 딸

Husband - 남편

Wife - 아내

Younger sibling - 동생

(from a male perspective)

Older brother -형

Older sister - 누나

(from a female perspective)

Older brother - 오빠

Older sister - 언니

Interrogative pronouns

Who - 누구

Who - 누가 (누구+가(subject marker))

What - 무슨

Personal pronouns

My - 나의 / 내 /제

Our - 우리

(honorific)

This person - 이분

That person - 그분

That person - 저분

Other helpful vocabulary words:

Company - 회사

To work for / to go to - 다니다

Flower - 꽃

Rose - 장미

Library - 도서관

Morning - 아침

Nurse - 간호사

Counting unit for people - 명

College student - 대학생

To love - 사랑하다

to be right - 맞다

Really - 정말

Photograph - 사진

To be pretty - 예쁘다

To marry - 결혼하다

Last year - 작년

[ActiveKorean2]

Hi, it’s been a long time since I posted here and decided to be active again. As of the moment, I can’t think of any korean related lesson to post. Any suggestions? :)

VERB PER DAY #3

하다 - to do

Past tense - 했어요

• A:어제 뭐 했어요?
• What did you do yesterday?
• B:나의 숙제를 했어요.
• I did my homework.

어제 - yesterday

뭐 - what

나의 - my

숙제 - homework

Present tense - 해요

• A:무슨 일을 해요?
• What work do you do?
• B: 저는 의사예요.
• I am a doctor.

무슨 - what; what type; what kind

일 - work

의사 - doctor

Present progressive - 하고 있어요

• A:뭐 하고 있어요?
• What are you doing?
• B:운동을 하고 있어요.
• I am exercising.

운동 - exercise (noun)

Future tense - 할 거예요

• A:너 왜 이렇게 빨라요?
• Why are you so fast?
• B:제 친구가 기다려서 내가 이거를 그냥 빨리 할 거예요.
• My friend is waiting so I’ll just do this quickly

너 - you

왜 - why

이렇게 - so; in a manner; in a way; like this

빠르다 - to be fast (빨라요 - present tense)

제 - my

친구 - friend

기다리다 - to wait

이거 - this

그냥 - just

VERB PER DAY #2

보다 - to see

Past tense - 보 + -았어요 = 봤어요

• 어제 뭐 했어요?
• What did you do yesterday?
• 친구랑 같이 영화를 봤어요.
• I watched a movie with my friend.

Present tense - 보 + -아요 = 봐요

• 요즘 뭐 해요?
• What do you do these days?
• 영화를 봐요.
• I watch movies.

Present progressive - 보 + -고 있어요 = 보고 있어요

• 지금 뭐 하고 있어요?
• What are you doing now?
• 지금 텔레비전을 보고 있어요.
• I am watching TV now.

Future tense - 보 + -ㄹ 거예요.

• 내일 뭐 할 거에요?
• What will you do tomorrow?
• 내일 공원에서 폭죽을 볼 거예요.
• I will watch fireworks tomorrow at the park.

VOCABULARY WORDS #1

The following words are words that are commonly used in a daily conversation. These are helpful and good to know especially to those who are still in a beginner level and to those who are still building up their vocabulary in Korean.

*자주 - frequently / often

*가끔 - sometimes

*거의 - almost

*계속 - continuously

*똑바로 / 바로 - straight

*좀 - please

*가장 - most

*먼저 - ahead / first

*우선 - in the first place

*매우 / 무척 / 아주 - very

*너무 - too / so

*얼마나 - how long/much/many

*정말 - really

*참 - really / very

*많이 - many

*약간 - a few / little

*전혀 - none / not at all

*잘 - well

*일찍 - early

*이따가 - later

*못 / 안 - not

*더 - more

*모두 / 다 / 전부 - all / whole

*또 / 다시 - again / once more

*따로 - separately

*주로 - mainly / usually

*간단히 - simply

*갑자기 - suddenly

*빨리 / 어서 - fast / quickly

*천천히 - slowly

*같이 - together

*벌써 - already

*곧 - soon

*새로 - newly

*금방 - soon

*방금 - just now / seconds ago

*늘 / 항상 - always

*조용히 - quietly

*열심히 - eagerly

*언제나 - whenever

*오래 - for a long time

*없이 - without

*아까 / 좀전에 - a while ago

*특히 / 특별히 - especially

*아직 - yet

*미리 - in advance

*바로 - right now

*직접 - directly

*깜빡 - with surprise

*꼭 - firmly / just

*아마도 - probably

*별로 - particularly

*그냥 - just

*서로 - with each other